Republic of Estonia (1918–1940)

Republic of Estonia Eesti Vabariik  (Estonian)
Flag Coat of arms
Anthem:  Mu isamaa, mu õnn ja rõõm My Fatherland, My Happiness and Joy
Location of  Estonia  (dark green) – in Europe  (green & grey) – in the European Union  (green)  –  [Legend]
Capital and largest city	Tallinna 59°25′N 24°45′E / 59.417°N 24.750°E / 59.417; 24.750
Official languages	Estonianb
Ethnic groups (2017)	68.7% Estonians 25.1% Russians 1.7% Ukrainians 0.8% Belarusians 0.5% Finns 2.8% others
Demonym	Estonian
Government	Unitary semi-presidential parliamentary constitutional republic
• President	Kersti Kaljulaid
• Speaker of the Riigikogu	Eiki Nestor
• Prime Minister	Jüri Ratas
• Chief Justice	Priit Pikamäe
Legislature	Riigikogu
Independence
• Autonomy declared	12 April 1917
• Independence declared then recognised	24 February 1918 2 February 1920
• Soviet and German occupations	1940–1991
• Government in exile	17 June 1940
• Independence restored	20 August 1991
• Independence recognised by the Soviet Union	6 September 1991
• Admitted to the United Nations	17 September 1991
• Joined the European Union	1 May 2004
Area
• Total	45,336 km2 (17,504 sq mi) (129thd)
• Water (%)	4.45%
Population
• 2017 estimate	1,352,320 (151st)
• 2011 census	1,294,455
• Density	28/km2 (72.5/sq mi) (188th)
GDP (PPP)	2017 estimate
• Total	$41.202 billion
• Per capita	$31,473 (45th)
GDP (nominal)	2017 estimate
• Total	$25.683 billion
• Per capita	$19,618 (41st)
Gini (2015)	34.8 medium
HDI (2015)	0.865 very high · 30th
Currency	Euro (€) (EUR)
Time zone	EET (UTC+2)
• Summer (DST)	EEST (UTC+3)
Drives on the	right
Calling code	+372
ISO 3166 code	EE
Internet TLD	.eee
The Supreme Court and one ministry are based in Tartu. According to the Constitution, Estonian is the sole official language. In southern counties, Võro and Seto are spoken along with it. Russian is spoken in parts of Ida-Virumaa and Tallinn. Including 5.4% Võros and 0.93% Setos. 47,549 km2 (18,359 sq mi) were defined according to the Treaty of Tartu in 1920 between Estonia and Russia. Today, the remaining 2,323 km2 (897 sq mi) are part of Russia. The ceded areas include most of the former Petseri County and areas behind the Narva river including Ivangorod (Jaanilinn). Pechory remains under Russian administration. Also .eu, shared with other member states of the European Union.

– in Europe  (green & grey)
– in the European Union  (green)  –  [Legend]

Estonia (/ɛˈstoʊniə/;Estonian: Eesti [ˈeːsti]), officially the Republic of Estonia (Estonian: Eesti Vabariik), is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland, to the west by the Baltic Sea, to the south by Latvia (343 km), and to the east by Lake Peipus and Russia (338.6 km). Across the Baltic Sea lies Sweden in the west and Finland in the north. The territory of Estonia consists of a mainland and 2,222 islands in the Baltic Sea, covering 45,339 km² (17,505 sq mi) of land and water, and is influenced by a humid continental climate. Ethnic Estonians are a Finnic people, sharing close cultural ties with their northern neighbour, Finland, and the official language, Estonian, is a Finno-Ugric language closely related to Finnish and the Sami languages, and distantly to Hungarian.