Rebellion of 1857
| Indian Rebellion of 1857 | |||||||||
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 A 1912 map showing the centres of the rebellion |
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| Belligerents | |||||||||
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| Casualties and losses | |||||||||
| 100,000 Indian rebels and civilians dead | |||||||||
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British victory
The Indian Rebellion of 1857 was a rebellion in India against the rule of the British East India Company, that ran from May 1857 to July 1859. The rebellion began as a mutiny of sepoys of the East India Company's army on 10 May 1857, in the cantonment of the town of Meerut, and soon escalated into other mutinies and civilian rebellions largely in the upper Gangetic Plains and central India, with the major hostilities confined to present-day Uttar Pradesh, western Bihar, northern Madhya Pradesh, and the Delhi region. The rebellion posed a considerable threat to East India Company power in that region. It was contained only with the Indian defeat in Gwalior on 18 June 1858 during which Rani of Jhansi, one of its leaders, was killed. The rebellion has been known by many names, including India's First War of Independence, the Indian Mutiny, Great Rebellion, Revolt of 1857, Indian Insurrection, and the Sepoy Mutiny.
Other regions of Company-controlled India, the Bombay Presidency, and the Madras Presidency remained largely calm. The large princely states of Hyderabad, Mysore, Travancore, and Kashmir, as well as the smaller ones of Rajputana, did not join the rebellion. In some regions, such as Oudh, the rebellion took on the attributes of a patriotic revolt against British control. Some rebel leaders, such as Lakshmibai, the Rani of Jhansi, became folk heroes in the Indian independence movement half a century later. In the Bengal Presidency, the revolt was entirely centred on Bihar, which experienced multiple disturbances in the Shahabad district, where the revolt was led by Kunwar Singh. In Punjab, the Sikh princes backed the Company by providing soldiers and support.
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