Randolph Brant Martine (1844 New York City - March 30, 1895 New York City) was an American lawyer and politician from New York.
He was the son of Theodore Martine, a grocer and realtor, descended from French Huguenot immigrants. He graduated from Columbia College in 1865, and from Columbia Law School in 1866.
Martine was a member of Tammany Hall but left in 1881, following the expulsion of Fire Commissioner Henry D. Purroy and Police Justice Andrew J. White, and joined the Anti-Tammany Democrats in New York City, first known as the "Purroy Democracy" then as the "County Democracy." In 1882, Mayor William R. Grace sent his appointment as a New York City Police Commissioner to the Board of Aldermen, but having a Tammany majority, the Board refused to vote upon the issue, and the office remained vacant.
In November 1884, Martine was elected on the County Democracy ticket New York County District Attorney. On taking office, he appointed John R. Fellows and De Lancey Nicoll as Assistant D.A.s, and Vernon M. Davis as Deputy Assistant D.A. Martine prosecuted Jacob Sharp and several Aldermen for bribery in connection with the concession for the Broadway Surface Railroad. In April 1886, he ordered to be arrested all the Ex-Aldermen who had in 1884 voted for the railroad concession, seven of whom were eventually convicted.
In November 1887, he was elected on the Tammany, County Democracy, Republican and Irving Hall (another faction of Anti-Tammany Democrats) tickets a judge of the Court of General Sessions, and remained in office until his death.