Rafael Núñez Moledo
| Rafael Núñez Moledo | |
|---|---|
1891 oil painting by Epifanio Garay
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| 1st President of Colombia | |
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In office April 1, 1886 – September 18, 1894 |
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| Vice President |
Miguel Antonio Caro (1892–1894) Eliseo Payán Hurtado (1886–1892) |
| Preceded by | Office established* |
| Succeeded by | Miguel Antonio Caro |
| 14th President of the United States of Colombia | |
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In office August 11, 1884 – April 1, 1886 |
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| Preceded by | José Eusebio Otálora Martínez |
| Succeeded by | Office abolished* |
| 10th President of the United States of Colombia | |
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In office April 8, 1880 – April 1, 1882 |
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| Preceded by | Julián Trujillo Largacha |
| Succeeded by | Francisco Javier Zaldúa |
| 15th President of the Sovereign State of Bolívar | |
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In office 1879–1880 |
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| Preceded by | Benjamin Noguera |
| Succeeded by | Benjamin Noguera |
| 12th President of the Sovereign State of Bolívar | |
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In office 1876–1877 |
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| Preceded by | Eugenio Baena |
| Succeeded by | Manuel González Carazo |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
Rafael Wenceslao Núñez Moledo September 25, 1825 Cartagena de Indias, Magdalena, Colombia |
| Died | September 18, 1894 (aged 68) Cartagena de Indias, Bolívar, Colombia |
| Resting place | El Cabrero Hermitage, Cartagena de Indias |
| Nationality | Colombian |
| Political party |
Liberal Party (1848-1886) National Party (1886-1894) |
| Spouse(s) |
María de los Dolores Gallegos Martínez(1851-1872) Soledad Román Polanco (1877-1894) |
| Alma mater | University of Cartagena |
| Profession | Lawyer |
| Religion | Roman Catholic |
| Signature |  |
| Military service | |
| Nickname(s) | El Regenerador |
| Allegiance | Colombia (Liberal Party) |
| Service/branch | National Army of Colombia |
| Battles/wars | War of the Supremes |
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Rafael Wenceslao Núñez Moledo (September 28, 1825 – September 18, 1894) was a Colombian author, lawyer, journalist and politician, who was elected president of Colombia in 1880 and in 1884.
Núñez was the first of three children of cousins Dolores García Moledo and Colonel Francisco Núñez García, who were married on October 6, 1824. At 15, he was accepted by General Francisco Carmona in the rebel troops to fight in the War of the Supremes.
Little is known about the early years of Núñez, but he certainly served as a Circuit Judge in Chiriquí, Panama in 1848.
In 1848, Núñez founded in Cartagena, Colombia, the newspaper La Democracia, with the intention of promoting the presidential election of General José María Obando as a successor to José Hilario López. The same year, he was appointed as Chief of Staff in Cartagena's government, thus beginning his political life.
In 1853, he was elected to the Colombian Congress. In 1854 he was elected as governor of the department of Bolívar. Between 1855 and 1857, during the government of Manuel María Mallarino, he served as Minister of the Treasury and Minister of War.
In 1855, he published his first volume of political essays, under the name of La Federación. Later, under the government of Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera, he served as Minister of the Treasury.
After representing Colombia in the Ríonegro Treaty, he travelled abroad. He first lived in New York City for two years. Then, he represented Colombia as a diplomat in Le Havre; later, he was appointed as the Colombian Consul in Liverpool.
He returned to Colombia in 1876 at the center of a political fight. He had been nominated as a candidate for the presidency that year/but did not win the election. Four years later, he was elected President of Colombia for the 1880-1882 presidential term. Again, in 1884, he was re-elected President of Colombia with the support of the Conservative Party.
He was the force behind La Regeneración (Regeneration) movement of 1884 and the new Constitution for Colombia of 1886.
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