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Queen Marie Antoinette of France

Marie Antoinette
Marie Antoinette Adult.jpg
Portrait by Élisabeth Vigée Le Brun, 1778
Queen consort of France
Tenure 10 May 1774 – 4 September 1791
Queen consort of the French
Tenure 4 September 1791 – 10 August 1792
Born (1755-11-02)2 November 1755
Hofburg Palace, Vienna, Austria
Died 16 October 1793(1793-10-16) (aged 37)
Place de la Révolution, Paris, France
Burial 21 January 1815
Basilica of St Denis
Spouse Louis XVI of France
Issue
Full name
German: Maria Antonia Josepha Johanna
French: Marie-Antoinette-Josèphe-Jeanne
House Habsburg-Lorraine
Father Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor
Mother Maria Theresa of Austria
Religion Roman Catholicism
Signature Marie Antoinette's signature
Full name
German: Maria Antonia Josepha Johanna
French: Marie-Antoinette-Josèphe-Jeanne

Marie Antoinette (/ˌæntwəˈnɛt, ˌɒ̃twə-/;French: [maʁi ɑ̃twanɛt]; born Maria Antonia Josepha Johanna; 2 November 1755 – 16 October 1793) was the last Queen of France before the French Revolution. She was born an Archduchess of Austria, and was the penultimate child of Empress Maria Theresa and Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor.

In April 1770, upon her marriage to Louis-Auguste, heir apparent to the French throne, she became Dauphine of France. On 10 May 1774, when her husband ascended the throne as Louis XVI, she assumed the title Queen of France and Navarre, which she held until September 1791, when, as the French Revolution proceeded, she became Queen of the French, a title she held until 21 September 1792.

After eight years of marriage, Marie Antoinette gave birth to a daughter, Marie Thérèse of France, the first of her four children. Despite her initial popularity, a growing number of the population eventually came to dislike her, accusing her of being profligate, promiscuous, and of harbouring sympathies for France's enemies, particularly her native Austria. The Affair of the Diamond Necklace damaged her reputation further. During the Revolution, she became known as Madame Déficit because the country's financial crisis was blamed on her lavish spending and her opposition to the social and financial reforms of Turgot and Necker.


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