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Archduchy of Austria

Archduchy of Austria
Erzherzogtum Österreich  (German)
State of the Holy Roman Empire (1453–1806)
Crown land of the Habsburg Monarchy (from 1526)
1453–1806


Coat of arms

Motto
Alles Erdreich ist Österreich untertan
"All the world is subject to Austria"
Archduchy of Austria within the Habsburg hereditary lands (orange), 1477
Capital Vienna
Languages Central Bavarian
Religion Roman Catholic
Government Principality
Archduke1
 •  1453–1457 Ladislaus the Posthumous
(first formal archduke)
 •  1792–1806 Francis I (last)
Historical era Middle Ages
 •  Duke Rudolf IV forged Privilegium Maius 1358/59
 •  Emperor Frederick III acknowledged archducal title 6 January 1453
 •  Joined Austrian Circle 1512
 •  Ferdinand I regent according to Worms agreement 28 April 21
 •  War of the Austrian Succession 1740–1748
 •  Holy Roman Empire dissolved 6 August 1806
Currency Conventionsthaler
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Duchy of Austria Duchy of Austria
Lower Austria Lower Austria
Upper Austria Upper Austria
Today part of  Austria
1 The title "Archduke of Austria" remained part of the official grand title of the rulers of Austria until 1918.


Coat of arms

The Archduchy of Austria (German: Erzherzogtum Österreich) was a major principality of the Holy Roman Empire and the nucleus of the Habsburg Monarchy. With its capital at Vienna, the archduchy was centered at the Empire's southeastern periphery.

The Archduchy developed out of the Bavarian Margraviate of Austria, elevated to the Duchy of Austria according to the 1156 Privilegium Minus by Emperor Frederick Barbarossa. The House of Habsburg came to the Austrian throne in Vienna in 1282 and in 1453 Emperor Frederick III, also Austrian ruler, officially adopted the archducal title. From the 15th century onwards, all Holy Roman Emperors but one were Austrian archdukes and with the acquisition of the Bohemian and Hungarian crown lands in 1526, the Habsburg "hereditary lands" became the centre of a major European power.


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