Qin Shubao

Qin Qiong
Portraits of Qin Shubao (left) and Yuchi Gong as door gods
General of the Tang dynasty
Born	(unknown)
Died	638
Names
Traditional Chinese	秦瓊
Simplified Chinese	秦琼
Pinyin	Qín Qióng
Wade–Giles	Chin Chiung
Courtesy name	Shubao (simplified Chinese: 叔宝; traditional Chinese: 叔寶; pinyin: Shūbǎo; Wade–Giles: Shu-pao)
Posthumous name	Duke Zhuang of Hu (simplified Chinese: 胡壮公; traditional Chinese: 胡壯公; pinyin: Hú Zhuàng Gōng; Wade–Giles: Hu Chuang Kung)

Qin Shubao (died 638) is the courtesy name of Qin Qiong, a Chinese general who lived in the early Tang dynasty and, with Yuchi Gong, continues to be worshipped in China as a door god. He is also known by the posthumous name Duke Zhuang of Hu.

It is not known when Qin Shubao was born, but it was known that he was from Qi Province (齊州, roughly modern Ji'nan, Shandong). He became a soldier under the service of the major general Lai Hu'er (來護兒) during the reign of Emperor Yang of Sui. When Qin's mother died, Lai, extraordinarily, sent a messenger to mourn her death, and when Lai's secretary found this odd, Lai responded, "This man is brave and fierce, and he is also full of ambition and integrity. One day he will gain his own honors, and I cannot treat him as if he were base."

Late in Emperor Yang's reign, Qin served under the general Zhang Xutuo (張須陀). In 614, when Zhang was facing the agrarian rebel general Lu Mingyue (盧明月) with no more than 20,000 men, while Lu had more than 100,000 men, Zhang planned to set a trap where he would retreat, wait for Lu to chase after him, and then send part of his army to launch a surprise attack on Lu's base. The mission was considered dangerous, but Qin and another officer, Luo Shixin (羅士信), volunteered, and so Zhang gave them 1,000 men each and had them hide. Zhang then withdrew, and when Lu gave chase, Qin and Luo fought their way into Lu's camp, causing Lu's forces to panick and allowing Zhang to defeat and capture most of Lu's men. Qin also later defeated another rebel general, Sun Xuanya (孫宣雅), and was promoted in rank.

In 616, with the major rebel leaders Zhai Rang and Li Mi threatening the eastern capital Luoyang, Emperor Yang sent Zhang to attack them, and Qin followed Zhang. Zhang, however, was killed in battle, and Qin thereafter served under the command of the general Pei Renji (裴仁基). In 617, Pei, angry that he was not awarded for his victories and fearful that other Sui officials were defaming him, surrendered to Li Mi, and Qin came under Li Mi's command. Li Mi put him and Cheng Zhijie (程知節) in charge of his guard corps of 8,000 men, and stated, "These 8,000 men are capable of standing up against a million men."