Psalm 126

Psalm 126 (Greek numbering: Psalm 125) or Shir Hama'alot (שיר המעלות) is a psalm and common piece of liturgy. It is one of the Songs of Ascents. In the Latin Psalters it has the title In convertendo Dominus.

In Judaism, Psalm 126 is sung in an upbeat, fast, joyous manner before Birkat Hamazon (the Grace After Meals) on Shabbat, Jewish Holidays, Rosh Chodesh, Chol Hamoed, and by some on other days in which Tachanun is not recited. While fourteen psalms actually begin with the words "Shir Hama'alot" (Song of Ascents), this psalm is commonly referred to as "Shir Hama'alot" due to this common use.

Psalm 126 is recited following Mincha between Sukkot and Shabbat Hagadol.

It was repeatedly considered to become the national anthem of the State of Israel ultimately being passed over for "Hatikvah".

According to the rule of St. Benedict of 530, this Psalm was assigned to the Office of none from Tuesday until Saturday, and following Psalm 127 and Psalm 128.

Currently, in the Liturgy of the Hours, Psalm 126 is recited or sung at vespers on Wednesday of the third Week, In the liturgy of the Mass, it is read on the 30th Sunday in Ordinary Time of the year B6, the second Sunday of Advent and 5th Sunday of Lent that year.

...
Wikipedia