Przysposobienie Wojskowe Kobiet

Przysposobienie Wojskowe Kobiet (Female Military Training) was a Polish organization for women, which existed in the interbellum period as well as during World War II. This is not paramilitary organisation.

In the autumn of 1918 Poland regained independence, which had been lost as a result of the Partitions of Poland. Soon afterwards, numerous conflicts with several neighbors started, and Polish women in many cases actively participated in them, helping the Polish Army. The most famous example is Ochotnicza Legia Kobiet (Voluntary Legion of Women), created some time in late 1918 or early 1919 in Lwów, for which Poles fought with Ukrainians. First commandant of Ochotnicza Legia Kobiet, Colonel Aleksandra Zagorska, lost in this conflict a son, 15-year-old Jerzy Bitschan, about whom a song was written years later.

Ochotnicza Legia Kobiet also actively participated in the Polish-Soviet War of 1919-1921, it had some 2 500 members and after the Peace of Riga it was dissolved, in 1923. But several women, with Maria Wittek as their leader, did not want to give up. They wanted equality, also concerning military service, which, in their opinion, should also be available to females.

Przysposobienie Wojskowe Kobiet was created in 1928 and its members were volunteers, women and girls over 15 who wanted to prepare themselves for future military service. Enjoying support of the government and the army, the organization had several facilities, in which summer and winter camps took place. Many of camps that were built and used by Przysposobienie Wojskowe Kobiet, are now popular places of vacationing - Garczyn by Kościerzyna in Pomerania, Istebna by the Olza River in Cieszyn Silesia, Charzykowo near Poznań, Spała by Tomaszów Mazowiecki, but also Koszewniki near Grodno, now located in Belarus.

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