Prudente de Morais
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His Excellency Prudente de Morais |
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| 3rd President of Brazil | |
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In office 15 November 1894 – 15 November 1898 |
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| Vice President | Manuel Vitorino |
| Preceded by | Floriano Peixoto |
| Succeeded by | Campos Sales |
| President of the Federal Senate | |
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In office 23 November 1891 – 14 November 1894 |
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| Preceded by | Floriano Peixoto |
| Succeeded by | Manuel Vitorino |
| President of the Constituent Assembly | |
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In office 15 November 1890 – 26 February 1891 |
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| Preceded by | Position established |
| Succeeded by | Position abolished |
| Governor of São Paulo | |
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In office 14 December 1889 – 18 October 1890 |
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| Appointed by | Deodoro da Fonseca |
| Vice Governor | Francisco Glicério Luís Pereira Barreto |
| Preceded by | Governing Junta |
| Succeeded by | Jorge Piratininga |
| Member of the São Paulo Governing Junta | |
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In office 16 November 1889 – 14 December 1889 |
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| Appointed by | Deodoro da Fonseca |
| Serving with | Rangel Pestana Joaquim de Sousa Mursa |
| Preceded by | Position established |
| Succeeded by | Position abolished |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
4 October 1841 Itu, São Paulo, Empire of Brazil |
| Died | 3 December 1902 (aged 61) Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil |
| Nationality | Brazilian |
| Political party | Republican Party of São Paulo |
| Signature |  |
Prudente José de Morais e Barros (Portuguese pronunciation: [pruˈdẽtʃi ʒoˈzɛ dʒi moˈrajs i ˈbaʁus]; 4 October 1841 – 3 December 1902) was the third President of Brazil. He is notable as the first civilian president of the country, the first to be elected by direct popular ballot under the permanent provisions of Brazil's 1891 Constitution, and the first to serve his term in its entirety. His presidency, which lasted from 15 November 1894 until 15 November 1898, was marked by the War of Canudos, a campesinant revolt in the northeast of the country that was crushed by the Brazilian Army. He also had to face a break in diplomatic relations with Portugal that was successfully mediated by Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.
Previously he had been the Governor of the State of São Paulo and President of the Senate from 1891 to 1894. He was also president of the Constituent Congress that drafted and approved Brazil's 1891 Constitution.
The city of Presidente Prudente, located in the western part of the State of São Paulo, is named after him.
His ancestry dated back to the early Portuguese settlers of Brazil.
Prudente de Morais was born in the vicinity of Itu (São Paulo) on 4 October 1841. At the age of three he lost his father, an animal dealer, who was murdered by a slave. After his mother remarried, Morais took up residence in the city, where he finished primary school. He graduated with a law degree from the Law School of São Paulo in 1863 (today's Faculty of Law of the University of São Paulo) and moved to Piracicaba that same year. He practiced law there for two years and began his political career in 1865.
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