Protests in Sudan (2011–present)
| Sudanese protests (2011–2013) | |||
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| Part of the Arab Spring | |||
Sudan
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| Date | 30 January 2011 – 26 October 2013 (2 years, 8 months, 3 weeks and 6 days) Small protests ongoing. |
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| Location | Sudan | ||
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| Casualties | |||
| Death(s) | 200+ | ||
| Arrested | 2,000 | ||
Various opposition groups
Protests in Sudan, also nicknamed as the Sudanese Intifada, began in January 2011 as part of the Arab Spring regional protest movement. Unlike in other Arab countries, popular uprisings in Sudan had succeeded in toppling the government prior to the Arab Spring in 1964 and 1985. Demonstrations in Sudan however were less common throughout the summer of 2011, during which South Sudan seceded from Sudan, but resumed in force later that year and again in June 2012, shortly after the government passed its much criticized austerity plan.
President Omar al-Bashir has been the Sudanese president since he led a bloodless coup in 1989. Bashir began instituting Sharia and abolished political parties in 1990. He appointed himself president in 1993, returned Sudan to civilian rule, and won a presidential election in 1996 as the only candidate. In 2008, the International Criminal Court called for his arrest for alleged genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes in Darfur. But Sudan rejected the indictment, saying the decision was defiance against Sudan's sovereignty. The political system of Sudan are widely considered by both domestic and international community to take place within an authoritarian system due to the control of the National Congress Party of the judiciary, executive and legislative branches of government.
Sudan has lost billions of dollars in oil receipts since South Sudan gained independence in July 2011, about three quarters of Sudan's oil fields falling within the territory of the new country. The north has been left struggling for revenue, plagued by inflation, and with a severe shortage of dollars to pay for imports. The landlocked South depended on the north's pipeline and port to export its crude, but Khartoum and Juba could not agree on how much South Sudan should pay to use the infrastructure. Sudan's already depleted oil revenues shrank by a further 20 per cent after its main Heglig oil field was damaged and shut down in fighting with invading South Sudanese troops in April 2012.
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Wikipedia