Protestantism in Germany
| Evangelical Church in Germany Evangelische Kirche in Deutschland |
|
|---|---|
 |
|
| Classification | Protestant |
| Orientation |
Lutheran Reformed United (Prussian Union) |
| Polity |
Episcopal Presbyterian Congregationalist |
| Associations |
World Council of Churches Community of Protestant Churches in Europe |
| Region | Germany |
| Origin | 1948 |
| Members |
2015 EKD data: 22.3 million ~57% United Protestant ~40% Lutheran ~3% Reformed |
| Official website | www |
The Evangelical Church in Germany (German: Evangelische Kirche in Deutschland, abbreviated EKD) is a federation of twenty Lutheran, Reformed (Calvinist) and United (Prussian Union) Protestant regional churches and denominations in Germany, collectively encompassing the vast majority of Protestants in that country. In 2012, the EKD had a membership of 23,356,096 members, or 29.0% of the German population. It constitutes one of the largest national Protestant bodies in the world, behind the Church of England and the Church of Christ in Congo.
Historically, the first formal attempt to unify German Protestantism occurred during the Weimar Republic era in the form of the German Evangelical Church Confederation, which existed from 1922 until 1933. Earlier, there had been successful royal efforts at unity in various German states, beginning with Prussia and several minor German states (e.g. Duchy of Nassau) in 1817. These unions resulted in the first united and uniting churches, a new development within Protestantism which later spread to other parts of the world. When Adolf Hitler came to power in 1933, his administration tried to reorganize the old confederation into a unified German Evangelical Church as Hitler wanted to use a single Protestant church to further his own ambitions. This utterly failed, with the Confessing Church and the German Christians-led Reichskirche opposing each other. Other Protestant churches aligned themselves with one of these groups, or stayed neutral in this church strife. In 1948, the Evangelical Church in Germany was organized in the aftermath of World War II to function as a new umbrella organization for German Protestant churches. As a result of tensions between West and East Germany, the regional churches in East Germany broke away from the EKD in 1969. In 1991, following German reunification, the East German churches rejoined the EKD.
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