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Principality of Wallachia

Principality of Wallachia
Цѣра Рȣмѫнѣскъ
Vassal of the Ottoman Empire (1417–1859)
(under Russian protection 1774–1856)
1330–1859
Flag Coat of arms
Wallachia in the late 14th century
Capital Câmpulung, Curtea de Argeș (1330–1418)
Târgoviște (1418–1659)
Bucharest (from 1659)
Languages Romanian (Old Romanian), Old Church Slavonic (in early official use)
Religion Eastern Orthodox
Government Absolute monarchy
Prince
 •  c. 1290 – c. 1310 Radu Negru (first)
 •  1859–62 Alexandru Ioan Cuza (last)
History
 •  First official attestation 1330
 •  Traditional date Independence 1290
 •  Ottoman suzerainty 1417
 •  Long and Moldavian Magnate wars 1593–1621
 •  Treaties:
    Küçük Kaynarca

    Edirne

21 July [O.S. 10 July] 1774
14 September [O.S. 2 September] 1829
 •  Regulamentul Organic 1834–1835
 •  Union with Moldavia 5 February [O.S. 24 January] 1859 1859
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Kingdom of Hungary
United Principalities

Wallachia or Walachia (Romanian: Țara Românească pronounced [ˈt͡sara romɨˈne̯askə]; archaic: Țeara Rumânească, Romanian Cyrillic alphabet: Цѣра Румѫнѣскъ) is a historical and geographical region of Romania. It is situated north of the Lower Danube and south of the Southern Carpathians. Wallachia is traditionally divided into two sections, Muntenia (Greater Wallachia) and Oltenia (Lesser Wallachia). Wallachia as a whole is sometimes referred to as Muntenia through identification with the larger of the two traditional sections.

Wallachia was founded as a principality in the early 14th century by Basarab I, after a rebellion against Charles I of Hungary, although the first mention of the territory of Wallachia west of the river Olt dates to a charter given to the voivode Seneslau in 1246 by Béla IV of Hungary. In 1417, Wallachia accepted the suzerainty of the Ottoman Empire; this lasted until the 19th century, albeit with brief periods of Russian occupation between 1768 and 1854. In 1859, Wallachia united with Moldavia to form the United Principalities, which adopted the name Romania in 1866 and officially became the Kingdom of Romania in 1881. Later, following the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and the resolution of the elected representatives of Romanians in 1918, Bukovina, Transylvania and parts of Banat, Crișana and Maramureș were allocated to the Kingdom of Romania, forming the modern Romanian state.


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Wikipedia

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