Polyfluorene
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| Identifiers | |
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95270-88-5 
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| Properties | |
| (C13H8)n | |
| Molar mass | Variable |
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Polyfluorenes are a class of polymeric materials. They are of interest because similar to other conjugated polymers, they are currently being investigated for use in light-emitting diodes, field-effect transistors, and plastic solar cells. They are not a naturally occurring material, but are designed and synthesized for their applications. Modern chemistry has enabled adaptable synthesis and control over polyfluorenes that has facilitated use in many organic electronic applications.
Academic and industrial research are interested in these polymers because of their optical and electrical properties. They have high photoluminescence quantum yields. They are a prototypical conjugated polymer but they are the only class of conjugated polymers which can be tuned to emit light throughout the entire visible region. Polyfluorenes are primarily interesting because of the optoelectronic properties imbued by their chromophoric constituents and their extended conjugation. The design of polyfluorene derivatives relies on the character and properties of their monomers. Thus, the discovery and development of these polymeric repeat units has had a profound influence on the development of polyfluorenes. The physical properties of polyfluorenes differ depending on their substitution pattern.
Despite the similar sounding names, polyfluorene is unrelated to the element fluorine. Fluorene, a principal repeat unit in polyfluorene derivatives, was isolated from coal tar and discovered by Marcellin Berthelot prior to 1883. Its name originates from its interesting fluorescence, fluorene became the subject of chemical-structure related color variation (visible rather than luminescent), among other things, throughout the early to mid-20th century. Since it was an interesting chromophore researchers wanted to understand which parts of the molecule were chemically reactive, and how substituting these sites influenced the color. For instance, by adding various electron donating or electron accepting moieties to fluorene, and by reacting with bases, researchers were able to change the color of the molecule.
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