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Polish monarchs

Monarchy of Poland
Coat of Arms of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.svg
Marcello Bacciarelli, Portret Stanisława Augusta Poniatowskiego.jpg
Stanisław II August
Details
Style Royal Majesty (HRM)
Wasza Królewska Mość
Serene Reigning Majesty
Jaśnie Panujący Mości
Grace (HG)
Wasza Miłość
Highness (HH)
Wasza Wysokość
First monarch Mieszko I
Last monarch Stanisław II August
Formation ca. 960 (First Christian Monarch)
Abolition 7 January 1795
Residence Wawel Castle
Warsaw Castle
Wilanów Palace
Appointer Hereditary
Elective
Pretender(s) none
Ruediger, Margrave of Meissen (disputed)
Alexander, Margrave of Meissen (disputed)

Poland was ruled at various times either by dukes (the 9th–14th century) or by kings (the 11th-18th century). The longest-reigning dynasties were the Piasts (ca. 860–1370) and Jagiellonians (1386–1572).

During the latter period, a tradition of free election of monarchs made it a uniquely electable position in Europe (16th–18th centuries). Polish independence ended with the Third Partition of Poland (1795) and was restored at the end of World War I (1918) on a republican basis.

See: Poland in the Early Middle Ages

See also: Fragmentation of the realm and Testament of Bolesław III Wrymouth


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