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Plymouth colony

Plymouth Colony
Colony of England
1620–1686
1689–1691


Seal of Plymouth Colony

Map of Plymouth Colony showing town locations
Capital Plymouth
Languages English
Religion Puritan, Separatist
Government Self-government
Legislature Plymouth General Court
History
 •  Established 1620
 •  First Thanksgiving (1621)
 •  Pequot War (1637)
 •  King Philip's War 1675–1676
 •  Part of the Dominion of New England 1686–1688
 •  Disestablished 1691
Succeeded by
Province of Massachusetts Bay
Today part of  Commonwealth of Massachusetts


Seal of Plymouth Colony

Plymouth Colony (sometimes New Plymouth) was an English colonial venture in North America from 1620 to 1691. The first settlement of the Plymouth Colony was at New Plymouth, a location previously surveyed and named by Captain John Smith. The settlement served as the capital of the colony, and is the modern town of Plymouth, Massachusetts. At its height, Plymouth Colony occupied most of the southeastern portion of the modern state of Massachusetts.

Plymouth Colony was founded by a group of Separatists initially known as the Brownist Emigration and Anglicans, who came to be known as the Pilgrims. It was one of the earliest successful colonies to be founded by the English in North America, along with Jamestown and other settlements in Virginia, and the first sizable permanent English settlement in the New England region. The colony was able to establish a treaty with Chief Massasoit which helped to ensure its success; in this, they were aided by Squanto, a Native American of the Patuxet people. It played a central role in King Philip's War (1675–1678), one of the earliest of the Indian Wars. Ultimately, the colony was merged with the Massachusetts Bay Colony and other territories in 1691 to form the Province of Massachusetts Bay.


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