Pipe (instrument)
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| Playing range | |
| 1-2 octaves | |
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A pipe is a tubular wind instrument in general, or various specific wind instruments. The word is an onomatopoeia, and comes from the tone which can resemble that of a bird chirping.
Fipple flutes are found in many cultures around the world. Often with six holes, the shepherd's pipe is a common pastoral image. Shepherds often piped both to soothe the sheep and to amuse themselves. Modern manufactured six-hole folk pipes are referred to as pennywhistle or tin whistle. The recorder is a form of pipe, often used as a rudimentary instructional musical instrument at schools, but so versatile that it is also used in orchestral music, but it has seven finger holes and a thumb hole.
The three-holed pipe is a form of the folk pipe which is usually played with one hand, while the other hand plays a tabor or other drone instrument, such as a bell or a psalterium (string-drum).
In English this instrument is properly called simply a pipe, but is often referred to as a tabor pipe to distinguish it from other instruments. The tabor pipe has two finger holes and one thumb hole. In the English tradition, these three holes play the same notes as the bottom three holes of a tin whistle, or tone, tone, semitone. Other tabor pipes, such as the French galoubet, the Picco pipe, the Basque txistu and xirula, the Aragonese chiflo or the Andalusian gaita of Huelva and gaita rociera, are tuned differently.
A much larger (typically 150 to 170 cm long), sophisticated 3-hole pipe played by a growing number of enthusiasts is the Slovakian fujara, made of two connected parallel pipes of different lengths. This is not to be mistaken with the Polish single pipe, which is a much smaller (maybe up to 40 cm) old-fashioned instrument usually made of willow bark (Polish: ", fujarka"). It also exists in locally modified modern versions (also played, for example in Toronto at "The Pride of Poland", a 2005 concert featuring symphonic and Polish folk music). Similar to both of these is the Czech fujara.
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