Pine Ridge Campaign
| Wounded Knee Massacre | |
|---|---|
| Part of the Ghost Dance War and the Sioux Wars | |
Mass grave for the dead Lakota after the conflict at Wounded Knee Creek
|
|
| Location | Wounded Knee Creek, South Dakota |
| Date | 29 December 1890 |
| Target |
Miniconjou Lakota Hunkpapa Lakota |
| Deaths |
150-300 killed (plus 25 US soldiers)
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|
Non-fatal injuries
|
45 wounded (plus 39 US soldiers) |
| Perpetrators | United States Army |
| Assailants |
500 effectives: 30 Oglala Indian scouts |
150-300 killed (plus 25 US soldiers)
500 effectives:
7th U.S. Cavalry:
438 troopers
22 artillerymen with four 1.65–inch guns
The Wounded Knee Massacre occurred on December 29, 1890, near Wounded Knee Creek (Lakota: Čhaŋkpé Ópi Wakpála) on the Lakota Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in the U.S. state of South Dakota.
The previous day, a detachment of the U.S. 7th Cavalry Regiment commanded by Major Samuel M. Whitside intercepted Spotted Elk's band of Miniconjou Lakota and 38 Hunkpapa Lakota near Porcupine Butte and escorted them 5 miles (8.0 km) westward to Wounded Knee Creek, where they made camp. The remainder of the 7th Cavalry Regiment, led by Colonel James W. Forsyth, arrived and surrounded the encampment. The regiment was supported by a battery of four Hotchkiss mountain guns.
On the morning of December 29, the troops went into the camp to disarm the Lakota. One version of events claims that during the process of disarming the Lakota, a deaf tribesman named Black Coyote was reluctant to give up his rifle, claiming he had paid a lot for it. A scuffle over the rifle ensued and by the time it was over, more than 150 men, women, and children of the Lakota had been killed and 51 were wounded (4 men and 47 women and children, some of whom died later); some estimates placed the number of dead at 300. Twenty-five soldiers also died, and 39 were wounded (6 of the wounded later died). At least twenty soldiers were awarded the Medal of Honor. In 2001, the National Congress of American Indians passed two resolutions condemning the awards and called on the U.S. government to rescind them. The site of the battlefield has been designated a National Historic Landmark. In 1990, both houses of the U.S. Congress passed a resolution formally expressing "deep regret" for the massacre.
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Wikipedia