Phyllis Altman

Phyllis Altman (25 September 1919 – 18 September 1999) was a trade unionist and anti-apartheid activist in South Africa. Altman was an employee of the South African Congress of Trade Unions (SACTU). She was also the general secretary of the International Defence and Aid Fund (IDF).

Altman was the daughter of Lithuanian immigrants. She attended Jeppe High School for Girls. Altman, like other girls at her high school, sewed "for the poor Blacks" on Thursdays. Altman attended the University of Witwatersrand on a loan from the Transvaal Education Department that stipulated she teach after graduation. During her time at university, she took part in student demonstrations protesting the "Greyshirts and the bulldozing of Sophiatown." She earned an undergraduate degree and then finished an Honours degree in History before spending a year at the Teachers' Training College in Johannesburg. She was almost expelled from the Teachers' Training College because of her activism, but she graduated and spent three years teaching at "all White schools." After teaching, she started working for the anti-fascist Springbok Legion. In the Springbok Legion, she helped support ex-servicemen of color, where she was able to see the "disastrous effects of the Apartheid system on African men."

For three years, Altman and her husband lived in London. In 1952, she published The Law of the Vultures. The book was based on her experience working with the Springbok Legion. Not long after its publication and good critical reception internationally, a professor at the University of Witwatersrand called the book "subversive," which caused many booksellers to return copies of the book.

Altman joined the South African Congress of Trade Unions (SACTU) in 1956 and quickly became very involved with the organization. Altman was the only full-time paid employee of SACTU between 1956 and 1963, where she worked as Assistant General Secretary. During this time, she kept in contact with South African unions and international unions, both. Her distribution of materials to libraries and trade unions around the world enabled the preservation of primary materials relating to SACTU. Altman represented SACTU at the Fourth Congress of the World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU) in 1957. During government sweeps in 1960, resulting in people becoming "emergency detainees," Altman took refuge in Swaziland. She was banned in 1964 under the Suppression of Communism Act which prevented her from teaching and working with the unions. She left South Africa in 1964. Altman still helped SACTU, remotely, operating with others out of London.

...
Wikipedia