Philippine resistance against Japan

Philippine resistance against Japan
Propaganda poster depicting the Philippine resistance movement
Date 1941–45 Location Philippines (Southeast Asia) Result Filipino Victory Allied forces successfully liberated the Philippines
Belligerents
Axis  Empire of Japan  Second Philippine Republic	Allies  Commonwealth of the Philippines United States Army Forces in the Far East Chinese irregulars (Kuomintang Philippines)	Hukbalahap Moro people
Commanders and leaders
Masaharu Homma Tomoyuki Yamashita Benigno Ramos	Basilio J. Valdez Ramon Magsaysay Manuel Enriquez Claude Thorp Juan Pajota Martin Moses Wendell Fertig Hugh Straughn Colonel Russell W. Volckmann Huang Chieh	Luis Taruc Remedios Gomez-Paraiso Datu Gumbay Piang Salipada Pendatun Sultan of Sulu Jainal Abirin Sultan of Ramain Alonto
Units involved
Imperial Japanese military Imperial Japanese Army Kempeitai Imperial Japanese Navy  Second Philippine Republic Makapili Bureau of Constabulary (until 1944)	Resistance and Irregular Forces Recognized Guerrilla Units Philippine Commonwealth military Philippine Commonwealth Army Philippine Constabulary (from 1944)	Hukbalahap Juramentados
Strength
	about 260,000 guerrillas and irregulars 100,000-500,000 regular and constable troops	30,000 Hukbalahap Communist fighters and Moro Juramentados
Casualties and losses
8,000–10,000 guerrillas and irregulars during the occupation 80,000 regular and constable troops during the occupation and liberation 50,000 during the American landings

Filipino Victory

Imperial Japanese military

 Second Philippine Republic

Resistance and Irregular Forces

Philippine Commonwealth military

During the Japanese occupation of the islands in World War II, there was an extensive Philippine resistance movement, which opposed the Japanese with active underground and guerrilla activity that increased over the years. Fighting the guerrillas – apart from the Japanese regular forces – were a Japanese-formed Bureau of Constabulary (later taking the name of the old Philippine Constabulary during the Second Republic),Kempeitai (the Japanese military police), and the Makapili (Filipinos fighting for the Japanese). Postwar studies estimate that around 260,000 persons were organized under guerrilla groups and that members of anti-Japanese underground organizations were more numerous. Such was their effectiveness that by the end of World War II, Japan controlled only twelve of the forty-eight provinces.

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Wikipedia