Philippa of England
| Philippa of England | |
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Philippa as imagined and painted by Swedish artist Reinhold Callmander in the 1890s on a window above her grave at Vadstena
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Queen consort of Denmark, Sweden, and Norway |
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| Tenure | 1406–1430 |
| Born |
4 June 1394 Peterborough Castle, Northamptonshire |
| Died | 5 January 1430 (aged 35) |
| Burial | Cloister Church at Vadstena, Linköping |
| Spouse | Eric, King of Denmark, Sweden, and Norway |
| House | Lancaster |
| Father | Henry IV, King of England |
| Mother | Mary de Bohun |
Philippa of England (4 June 1394 – 5 January 1430), also known as Philippa of Lancaster, was Queen of Denmark, Sweden, and Norway from 1406 to 1430 by marriage to Eric of Pomerania. She was the daughter of King Henry IV of England by his first spouse Mary de Bohun and the younger sister of King Henry V. Queen Philippa participated significantly in state affairs during the reign of her spouse, and served as regent of Denmark from 1423 to 1425.
Philippa was born to Henry Bolingbroke and Mary de Bohun, at Peterborough Castle, Peterborough. Her father became king in 1399. She is mentioned a couple of times during her childhood: in 1403, she was present at the second wedding of her father, and the same year, she made a pilgrimage to Canterbury. She mainly lived at Berkhamsted Castle and Windsor Castle.
In 1400 or 1401, King Henry suggested to Queen Margaret I of Denmark, Norway and Sweden that an alliance be formed between England and the Kalmar Union through a double wedding between Philippa and the heir to the Nordic thrones, Eric of Pomerania, and Prince Henry of Wales and Eric's sister Catherine of Pomerania. Queen Margaret could not agree to the terms and the marriage between Henry and Catherine never occurred. In 1405, however, a Scandinavian embassy composed of two envoys from each of the three Nordic Kingdoms arrived in England, and the marriage between Philippa and Eric was proclaimed. The 26 November 1405, Philippa was married to Eric by proxy in Westminster, with the Swedish nobleman Ture Bengtsson Bielke as the stand-in for the groom, and the 8 December, she was formally proclaimed Queen consort of Denmark, Norway and Sweden in the presence of the Nordic ambassadors.
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