Philip III, Landgrave of Hesse-Butzbach
| Philip III, Landgrave of Hesse-Butzbach | |
|---|---|
| Spouse(s) | Anna Margaretha of Diepholz Christina Sophia of East Frisia |
| Noble family | House of Hesse |
| Father | George I, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt |
| Mother | Magdalene of Lippe |
| Born |
26 December 1581 Darmstadt |
| Died | 28 April 1643 (aged 61) Bad Ems |
Landgrave Philip III of Hesse-Butzbach (born 26 December 1581 in Darmstadt; died: 28 April 1643) was Landgrave of Hesse-Butzbach from 1609 to 1643.
His parents were George I "the Pious" of Hesse-Darmstadt (1547–1596) and Magdalene of Lippe (1552–1587). Philip's first wife was Anna Margaretha of Diepholz; she died childless in 1629 and was buried in the town church at Butzbach. He married his second wife, Christina Sophia of East Frisia (born: 1609 in Aurich, died 1658 in Frankfurt), in 1632 in Aurich.
When his father died in 1596, the country was divided into three parts. Hesse-Darmstadt, like many royal courts, practised primogeniture, meaning that the oldest son inherited the country and his younger brothers were compensated with money, or, if no money was available, a much smaller, non-sovereign, territory and less money. The younger sons were allowed to use the title of "Landgrave", but sovereignty remained with the eldest son. In this case, eldest son, Louis V "the faithful" inherited the bulk of the country. Frederick received Homburg and founded the Hesse-Homburg line. Philip received Butzbach.
His Landgraviate of Butzback initially consisted only of the town of Butzbach and som nearby villages. A quarter of Solms-Braunfels was added during the Thirty Years' War, when the Count of Solms-Braunfels had fallen into disfavour with the Emperor. In 1639, the town of Itter in Waldeck was added, with the castle at Vöhl and the villages that belonged to the castle. At that time, however, Philip's annual jointer of 24000guilders was reduced by 7300 guilders.
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