Philander P. Humphrey (February 26, 1823 – August 18, 1862) was an American physician and politician.
Born in Torrington, Connecticut, Humphrey was trained as a physician at Oberlin College. In 1852, Humphrey moved to Red Wing, Minnesota Territory. In 1857, Humphrey served in the Minnesota Territorial Council. On August 18, 1862, Humphrey, his wife, and two of their children were killed in the Battle of Lower Sioux Agency, where he was the physician for the Sioux Tribe.