Peter Monoszló
| Peter (II) Monoszló | |
|---|---|
| Bishop of Transylvania | |
 |
|
| Installed | 1270 |
| Term ended | 1307 |
| Predecessor | Gallus |
| Successor | Benedict |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1240s |
| Died | 27 November 1307 |
| Buried | St. Michael's Cathedral |
| Nationality | Hungarian |
| Denomination | Catholic |
| Parents |
Gregory II Monoszló N Bő |
Peter (II) from the kindred Monoszló (Hungarian: Monoszló nembeli (II.) Péter; 1240s – 27 November 1307) was a Hungarian prelate, who served as the Bishop of Transylvania from 1270 until his death. The current St. Michael's Cathedral in Gyulafehérvár (today Alba Iulia, Romania) was built during his term.
Peter was born into the gens Monoszló around 1240 as the son of Gregory II, who functioned as ispán of Krassó County in 1255. His mother was an unidentified noblewoman from the gens Bő, possibly the daughter of Ders. His grandfather was Thomas I, the Ban of Slavonia between 1228 and 1229. Peter had two brothers, Egyed II, who served as Master of the treasury several times, and Gregory III, who was a relative of the royal Árpád dynasty through his marriage. The three brothers supported each other in national politics and gradually distinguished themselves from the other branches of the Monoszló kindred. This intention also appeared in contemporary documents and charters, when their names were referred with the suffixes "de genere Thome bani" ("from Ban Thomas' kindred"), and later "de Filek", when the eldest one, Egyed was granted Fülek Castle (today Fiľakovo, Slovakia) by his lord, Duke Stephen.
As the youngest of three brothers, Peter entered ecclesiastical career. It is unknown whether he attended a foreign university or was a pupil at the clerical school in Veszprém. Nevertheless, he was first mentioned as "magister" which confirmed his literacy. In the emerging 1260s civil war between Stephen and his father, King Béla IV, the Monoszló clan, including Peter remained loyal to the Duke. Peter held the office of vice-chancellor at Duke Stephen's court since 1266, replacing Lodomer. He served in that capacity until 1270, when Stephen ascended the Hungarian throne. Due to the activity of Stephen's chancellery, the literacy spread across Transylvania, following the other parts of the realm.
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