Perfect group

In mathematics, more specifically in the area of modern algebra known as group theory, a group is said to be perfect if it equals its own commutator subgroup, or equivalently, if the group has no nontrivial abelian quotients (equivalently, its abelianization, which is the universal abelian quotient, is trivial). In symbols, a perfect group is one such that G⁽¹⁾ = G (the commutator subgroup equals the group), or equivalently one such that G^ab = {1} (its abelianization is trivial).

The smallest (non-trivial) perfect group is the alternating group A₅. More generally, any non-abelian simple group is perfect since the commutator subgroup is a normal subgroup with abelian quotient. Conversely, a perfect group need not be simple; for example, the special linear group SL(2,5) (or the binary icosahedral group which is isomorphic to it) is perfect but not simple (it has a non-trivial center containing ${\displaystyle \left({\begin{smallmatrix}-1&0\\0&-1\end{smallmatrix}}\right)=\left({\begin{smallmatrix}4&0\\0&4\end{smallmatrix}}\right)}$).

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