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Pepto-Bismol

Bismuth subsalicylate
Bismuth subsalicylate.png
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Clinical data
Trade names Pepto-Bismol
AHFS/Drugs.com Multum Consumer Information
MedlinePlus a607040
Routes of
administration
Oral
ATC code
  • none
Legal status
Legal status
Identifiers
CAS Number
PubChem CID
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ECHA InfoCard 100.035.397
Chemical and physical data
Formula C7H5BiO4
Molar mass 362.093 g/mol
3D model (Jmol)
 NYesY (what is this?)  

Bismuth subsalicylate, sold under the brand name Pepto-Bismol, is an antacid medication used to treat temporary discomforts of the stomach and gastrointestinal tract, such as diarrhea, indigestion, heartburn and nausea. Commonly known as pink bismuth, it is also sometimes the active ingredient in Kaopectate.

Bismuth subsalicylate has the empirical chemical formula of C7H5BiO4, and it is a colloidal substance obtained by hydrolysis of bismuth salicylate (Bi{C6H4(OH)CO2}3). The actual structure is unknown and the formulation is only approximate. Recent evidence dictates that it is composed of a bismuth oxide core structure with salicylate ions attached to the surface. A model structure has recently been published having the composition Bi38O44{C6H4(OH)CO2}26.

As a derivative of salicylic acid, bismuth salicylate displays anti-inflammatory and bactericidal action. It also acts as an antacid.

There are some adverse effects. It can cause a black tongue and black stools in some users of the drug, when it combines with trace amounts of sulfur in saliva and the colon to form bismuth sulfide. Bismuth sulfide is a highly insoluble black salt, and the discoloration seen is temporary and harmless.

Long-term use (greater than 6 weeks) may lead to accumulation and toxicity. Some of the risks of salicylism can apply to the use of bismuth subsalicylate.


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