Penelope Jane "Penny" Taylor (born 24 May 1981) is an Australian retired professional basketball player. During her 19-year career, Taylor spent the most time with the Phoenix Mercury of the Women's National Basketball Association, where she won three championships. She also won the Women's National Basketball League with her first club, the Australian Institute of Sport, and played in China, Italy, Turkey and Russia. As part of the Australian woman's national team, Taylor won two Olympic medals and led the Australian Opals to a gold medal at the World Championships, winning tournament MVP honours ahead of teammate Lauren Jackson.

Penny was born in Melbourne, Victoria to English parents Michael Taylor and Denna Noble. She has a younger brother named Phillip and an older sister named Heather. As both her parents are tall, they thought Penny would inherit their height and put her in the Belgrave South Red Devils basketball club at the age of 4. The camaraderie helped Taylor overcome her shyness, and eventually move to the Nunawading Spectres. Penny attended Upwey High School in Upwey, Victoria, and after graduating earned a scholarship to the Australian Institute of Sport in Canberra.

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