Paulo Evaristo Arns
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His Eminence Paulo Arns OFM |
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| Cardinal, Archbishop Emeritus of São Paulo | |
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Paulo Evaristo Arns in 1982
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| See | São Paulo (Emeritus) |
| Appointed | 22 October 1970 |
| Installed | 1 November 1970 |
| Term ended | 9 April 1998 |
| Predecessor | Agnelo Rossi |
| Successor | Cláudio Hummes |
| Other posts | Cardinal-Priest of Sant’Antonio da Padova in Via Tuscolana |
| Orders | |
| Ordination | 30 November 1945 by José Pereira Alves |
| Consecration | 3 July 1966 by Agnelo Rossi |
| Created Cardinal | 5 March 1973 by Pope Paul VI |
| Rank | Cardinal-Priest |
| Personal details | |
| Birth name | Paulo Evaristo Arns |
| Born |
14 September 1921 Forquilhinha, Santa Catarina, Brazil |
| Died | 14 December 2016 (aged 95) São Paulo, Brazil |
| Previous post |
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| Motto | ex spe in spem |
| Coat of arms |  |
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Styles of Paulo Evaristo Arns |
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| Reference style | His Eminence |
| Spoken style | Your Eminence |
| Informal style | Cardinal |
| See | São Paulo (emeritus) |
Paulo Evaristo Arns OFM (Brazilian Portuguese: [ˈpawlu evaˈɾistu ˈaɾns]; 14 September 1921 – 14 December 2016) was a Brazilian prelate of the Roman Catholic Church, who was made a Cardinal and the Archbishop of São Paulo by Pope Paul VI, and later became Cardinal Protopriest of the Roman Catholic Church. His ministry began with a quiet twenty-year academic career, but when charged with responsibility for the Sao Paulo Archdiocese he proved a relentless opponent of Brazil's military dictatorship and its use of torture as well as an advocate for the poor and a vocal defender of liberation theology. In his later years he openly criticized the way Pope John Paul II governed the Catholic Church through the Roman Curia and questioned his teaching on priestly celibacy and other issues.
Paulo Arns was born as the fifth of thirteen children of the German immigrants Gabriel and Helana Arns. Three of his sisters would later become nuns and one of his brothers a Franciscan. One of his sisters, Zilda Arns, a pediatrician who founded the Brazilian bishops' children's commission, was killed in the 2010 Haiti earthquake.
On 10 December 1943, Arns joined the Franciscans; he was ordained a priest on 30 November 1945.
From 1941 to 1943 Arns studied philosophy in Curitiba and then theology from 1944 to 1947 in Petrópolis. Then he attended the Sorbonne in Paris studying literature, Latin, Greek, Syriac at the Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, and ancient history, he graduated with a doctorate in classical languages in 1946. Arns later returned to the Sorbonne to study for a D.Litt., he obtained his doctorate in 1950, writing a dissertation titled "La technique du livre d'après Saint Jérome".
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