Paul Samuelson
| Paul Samuelson | |
|---|---|
Samuelson in 1997
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| Born |
Paul Anthony Samuelson May 15, 1915 Gary, Indiana, US |
| Died | December 13, 2009 (aged 94) Belmont, Massachusetts, US |
| Nationality | United States |
| Institution | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| Field | Macroeconomics |
| School or tradition |
Neo-Keynesian economics |
| Alma mater |
Harvard University, (Ph.D.) University of Chicago, (B.A.) |
| Doctoral advisor |
Joseph Schumpeter Wassily Leontief |
| Doctoral students |
Lawrence Klein Robert C. Merton |
| Influences | Keynes • Schumpeter • Leontief • Haberler • Hansen • Wilson • Wicksell • Lindahl |
| Influenced | Fischer • Solow • Phelps • Krugman • Stiglitz • Swamy |
| Contributions |
Neoclassical synthesis Mathematical economics Economic methodology Revealed preference International trade Economic growth Public goods |
| Awards |
John Bates Clark Medal (1947) Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences (1970) National Medal of Science (1996) |
| Information at IDEAS / RePEc | |
Paul Anthony Samuelson (May 15, 1915 – December 13, 2009) was an American economist and the first American to win the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences. The Swedish Royal Academies stated, when awarding the prize, that he "has done more than any other contemporary economist to raise the level of scientific analysis in economic theory". Economic historian Randall E. Parker calls him the "Father of Modern Economics", and The New York Times considered him to be the "foremost academic economist of the 20th century".
Samuelson was likely the most influential economist of the later 20th century. In 1996, when he was awarded the National Medal of Science, considered America's top science honor, President Bill Clinton commended Samuelson for his "fundamental contributions to economic science" for over 60 years. Samuelson considered Mathematics to be the natural language for economists and contributed significantly to the mathematical foundations of economics with his book Foundations of Economic Analysis. He was author of the best-selling economics textbook of all time: Economics: An Introductory Analysis, first published in 1948. It was the second American textbook to explain the principles of Keynesian economics and how to think about economics, and the first one to be successful, and is now in its 19th edition, having sold nearly 4 million copies in 40 languages, including Russian, French, Greek, Slovak, Chinese, Portuguese, German, Spanish, Polish, Japanese, Czech, Vietnamese, Hungarian, Indonesian, Swedish, Croatian, Dutch, Turkish, Hebrew, Italian, and Arabic.James Poterba, former head of MIT's Department of Economics, noted that by his book, Samuelson "leaves an immense legacy, as a researcher and a teacher, as one of the giants on whose shoulders every contemporary economist stands".
He entered the University of Chicago at age 16, during the depths of the Great Depression, and received his PhD in economics from Harvard. After graduating, he became an assistant professor of economics at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) when he was 25 years of age and a full professor at age 32. In 1966, he was named Institute Professor, MIT's highest faculty honor. He spent his career at MIT where he was instrumental in turning its Department of Economics into a world-renowned institution by attracting other noted economists to join the faculty, including Robert M. Solow, Franco Modigliani, Robert C. Merton, Joseph E. Stiglitz, and Paul Krugman, all of whom went on to win Nobel Prizes.
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