Patiala

Patiala ਪਟਿਆਲਾ
From upper left:.Moti Bagh Palace Patiala now houses the National Institute of Sports Qila Mubarak, Gurdwara Dukh Nivaran Sahib, Shri Kali Devi Temple, Patiala and Art Deco Designed, Phul Theatre, Patiala
Patiala Show map of Punjab Patiala Show map of India
Coordinates: 30°20′N 76°23′E / 30.34°N 76.38°E / 30.34; 76.38Coordinates: 30°20′N 76°23′E / 30.34°N 76.38°E / 30.34; 76.38
Country	India
State	Punjab
District	Patiala
Settled	1754
Founded by	Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji
Named for	Baba Ala Singh
Government
• Type	Democratic
• Body	Municipal Corporation of Patiala
• Deputy Commissioner	Ram vir singh
• Mayor	Amarinder Singh Bajaj
• Municipal Commissioner	Dr. Indu Malhotra
• Senior Superintendent of Police	Harpreet Singh
Area
• Total	131.25 sq mi (339.9 km2)
Elevation	1,150 ft (350 m)
Population (2011)
• Total	446.246
• Metro	700,513
Demonym(s)	Patialvi
Languages
• Official	Punjabi
Time zone	IST (UTC+5:30)
PIN	147001
Telephone code	Patiala: 91-(0)175, Rajpura: 91-(0)1762, Patran & Samana: 91-(0)1764, Nabha: 91-(0)1765 & Amloh: 91-(0)1768
ISO 3166 code	IN-Pb
Vehicle registration	PB-11
Largest city	Patiala
HDI	0.860
HDI Category	very high
Literacy	84.39%
Website	patiala.nic.in

Patiala is a city in southeastern Punjab, in northern India. It is the fourth largest city in the state and is the administrative capital of Patiala district. Patiala is located around the Qila Mubarak (the Fortunate Castle). It was constructed by chieftain 'Baba Ala Singh', who founded the royal dynasty of the Patiala State in 1763.

In popular culture, the city remains famous for its traditional PatialaShahi turban (a type of headgear), paranda (a tasselled tag for braiding hair), patiala salwar (a type of female trousers), jutti (a type of footwear) and Patiala peg (a measure of liquor).

Patiala is located at 30°19′N 76°24′E / 30.32°N 76.40°E / 30.32; 76.40. It has an average elevation of 250 metres (820 feet). During the short existence of PEPSU, Patiala served as its capital city.

Patiala state was established in 1763 by Baba Ala Singh, a Jat Sikh chieftain, who laid the foundation of the Patiala fort known as Qila Mubarak, around 'which the present city of Patiala is built. After the Third Battle of Panipat in 1761 in which the Marathas were defeated by the Afghans, the writ of the Afghans prevailed throughout Punjab. It is at this stage that the rulers of Patiala began to acquire ensigns of royalty. The Patiala state saw more than forty years of ceaseless power struggle with the Afghan Durrani Empire, Maratha Empire and the Sikh Empire of Lahore. In 1808, the Raja of Patiala entered into a treaty with the British against Ranjit Singh of Lahore in 1808, thus becoming collaborator in the grand empire building process by the British in, the sub-continent of India. Patiala became a 17-guns salute state during the British Raj. The rulers of Patiala such as Karam Singh, Narinder Singh, Mahendra Singh, Rajinder Singh, Bhupinder Singh and Yadvindra Singh were treated with respect and dignity by the British.