Passamezzo moderno

The Gregory Walker or passamezzo moderno ("modern half step"; also quadran, quadrant, or quadro pavan) was "one of the most popular harmonic formulae in the Renaissance period, divid[ing] into two complementary strains thus:"

For example, in C major the progression is as follows:

The progression or ground bass, the major mode variation of the passamezzo antico, originated in Italian and French dance music during the first half of the 16th century, where it was often used with a contrasting progression or section known as ripresi. Though one of Thomas Morley's characters in Plaine and Easie Introduction to Practicall Musicke denigrates the Gregory Walker, comparing unskilled singing to its sound (Morley 1597, 120), it was popular in both pop/popular/folk and classical musics through 1700. Its popularity was revived in the mid 19th century, and the American variant (below) evolved into the twelve bar blues (van der Merwe 1989, 198–201).

Listed in van der Merwe (1989, 198–201):

Listed in Helms, Ilmbrecht, and Dieckelmann (1954,):

Others:

The American Gregory Walker, popular in parlour music, is a variation in which the subdominant (IV) chords become the progression IV–I (van der Merwe 1989, 201–202).

For example, in C major this variation is as follows:

Listed in van der Merwe (1989, 201–202):

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