Parliamentary constituencies and state assemblies of Malaysia

These are the list of federal constituencies (Bahagian Pilihan Raya Persekutuan) followed by the state constituencies (Bahagian Pilihan Raya Negeri) in Malaysia.

Each federal constituency (contains 2 to 6 state constituencies, except in the federal territories where there are only federal constituencies. Constituency boundaries and administrative district boundaries may transcend each other and does not correspond with each other in most instances, but federal constituencies may not transcend across state borders. Federal constituencies are denoted by P.xxx, while state constituencies are denoted by N.xx.

Article 46 of the Malaysian Federal Constitution prescribes the composition of the House of Representatives. From Merdeka Day (1957) until 1963 only the total number of seats were specified. From 1963 until 1973 the seats were grouped into the States of Malaya (104 seats), Sabah (16 members), Sarawak (24 members) and Singapore (15 members until 1965). From 1973 onwards the number of seats per state and Federal Territory were prescribed and changed with subsequent constitutional amendments, the last being in 2006. There are in total 222 federal and 576 state electoral districts nationwide. Within each state the number of constituents in each district is not necessarily equal as Schedule 13, Part 2(c) of the Constitution requires a greater weightage to be given to rural districts. Until 1962 any variation was restricted to no more than fifteen percent from the average number of constituents per district across a state.

Electoral district boundaries are not permanent and the Election Commission may review and re-delineate boundaries at an interval of not less than 8 years. The last delineation exercise was made in 2003.

A proposal by the Election Commission to increase the number of state seats from 71 to 82 was challenged in the High Court and nullified. However this was overturn by a Court of Appeal reasoning that the increase in seats would not breach voters' constitutional rights and was in accordance with the 13th Schedule of the Federal Constitution.

The composition of seats by ethnic majority consists of 21 Iban-majority seats, 20 Malay-majority seats, 16 Chinese-majority seats, 9 Melanau-majority seats, 8 Bidayuh-majority seats, 6 Orang Ulu-majority seats and 2 Kedayan-majority seats.

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