Parliament of Southern Ireland
| Parliament of Southern Ireland | |
|---|---|
| Type | |
| Type | |
| Houses | Senate, House of Commons |
| History | |
| Established | 1920 |
| Disbanded | 27 May 1922 |
| Preceded by |
Parliament of Ireland/ Parliament of the United Kingdom |
| Succeeded by | Provisional Parliament |
| Leadership | |
|
Speaker of the House of Commons
|
|
| Seats |
192 64 Senators 128 members of parliament (MPs) |
| Elections | |
|
House of Commons voting system
|
STV |
|
House of Commons last election
|
Irish elections, 1921 |
| Meeting place | |
 |
|
| The Royal College of Science for Ireland Location for the first official meeting of both Houses. Now Government Buildings |
|
| Footnotes | |
| See also: Parliament of Northern Ireland |
|
The Parliament of Southern Ireland was a Home Rule legislature set up by the British Government during the Irish War of Independence under the Fourth Home Rule Bill. It was designed to legislate for Southern Ireland, a political entity which was created by the British Government to solve the issue of rising Irish nationalism and the issue of partitionism, whilst retaining Ireland as part of the United Kingdom.
The Parliament was bicameral, consisting of a House of Commons (the lower house) with 128 seats and a Senate (the upper house) with 64 seats. The Parliament as two houses sat only once, in the Royal College of Science for Ireland in Merrion Street. Due to the low turnout of members attending, the Parliament was adjourned sine die and was later officially disbanded by the Irish Free State (Agreement) Act 1922.
Under the Act of Union 1800 the separate Kingdoms of Ireland and Great Britain were merged on 1 January 1801, to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Throughout the 19th century Irish opposition to the Union was strong, occasionally erupting in violent insurrection.
In the 1870s the Home Rule League under Isaac Butt sought to achieve a modest form of self-government, known as Home Rule. This was considered far more acceptable as Ireland would still remain part of the United Kingdom but would have limited self-government. The cause was then pursued by Charles Stewart Parnell and two attempts were made by Liberal ministries under British Prime Minister William Ewart Gladstone to enact home rule bills, accompanied by a revival of Ulster's Orange Order to resist any form of Home Rule. The First Home Rule Bill was defeated in the Commons by 30 votes; the second Second Home Rule Bill was passed, but then defeated in the Lords.
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