Parliament Hill
| Parliament Hill Colline du Parlement |
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|---|---|
Parliament Hill, as viewed from Gatineau at sunset on a July 2014 summer's day
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| Location | Ottawa River / Wellington Street, Downtown Ottawa |
| Coordinates | 45°25′29″N 75°41′57″W / 45.424807°N 75.699234°WCoordinates: 45°25′29″N 75°41′57″W / 45.424807°N 75.699234°W |
| Built | 1859- |
| Built for | , Parliament of Canada |
| Architect |
Calvert Vaux, Marshall Wood (landscapes) Thomas Scott (oversight) |
| Visitors | 3 million annually |
| Governing body | |
| Official name | Parliament Buildings National Historic Site of Canada |
| Designated | 1976 |
| Official name | Grounds of the Parliament Buildings National Historic Site of Canada |
| Designated | 1976 |
Parliament Hill (French: Colline du Parlement), colloquially known as The Hill, is an area of Crown land on the southern banks of the Ottawa River in downtown Ottawa, Ontario. Its Gothic revival suite of buildings is the home of the Parliament of Canada and has architectural elements of national symbolic importance. Parliament Hill attracts approximately 3 million visitors each year. Law enforcement on parliament hill and in the parliamentary precinct is the responsibility of the Parliamentary Protective Service (PPS).
Originally the site of a military base in the 18th and early 19th centuries, development of the area into a governmental precinct began in 1859, after Queen Victoria chose Bytown as the capital of the Province of Canada. Following a number of extensions to the parliament and departmental buildings and a fire in 1916 that destroyed the Centre Block, Parliament Hill took on its present form with the completion of the Peace Tower in 1927. Since 2002, an extensive $1 billion renovation and rehabilitation project has been underway throughout all of the precinct's buildings; work is not expected to be complete until after 2020.
Parliament Hill is a limestone outcrop with a gently sloping top that was originally covered in primeval forest of beech and hemlock. For hundreds of years, the hill served as a landmark on the Ottawa River for First Nations and, later, European traders, adventurers, and industrialists, to mark their journey to the interior of the continent. After Ottawa—then called Bytown—was founded, the builders of the Rideau Canal used the hill as a location for a military base, naming it Barrack Hill. A large fortress was planned for the site, but was never built, and by the mid 19th century the hill had lost its strategic importance.
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