Papeda (citrus)
| Papeda | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Ichang papeda | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| (unranked): | Angiosperms |
| (unranked): | Eudicots |
| (unranked): | Rosids |
| Order: | Sapindales |
| Family: | Rutaceae |
| Genus: | Citrus |
| Subgenus: | Papeda |
| Species | |
|
15, see text. |
|
15, see text.
Papeda is the common name for a group of citrus native to tropical Asia that are hardy and slow growing, and produce unpalatable fruit. Swingle segregated these species into a separate subgenus, Papeda. It included the Ichang Lemon, yuzu, kaffir lime, kabosu, sudachi, and a number of wild and uncultivated species and hybrids. Recent genetic analysis shows the papedas to be distributed among distinct branches of the citrus phylogenetic tree, and hence Swingle's proposed subgenus is polyphyletic and not a valid taxonomic grouping, but the term persists as a common name.
Because of generally slow growth and bitter, less palatable fruits than in other citruses, papeda species have only limited commercial cultivation. Some species, like Ichang papeda, are used in landscaping, while others are important for and as genome source for breeding disease-resistant and frost-hardy citrus hybrids. In some cases the skin or leaves are used as a flavoring in Asian cuisine.
It is believed, based on molecular studies, that the citron, pomelo, mandarin and papedas were the ancestors of most hybrid citrus species and their varieties, which resulted from breeding or natural hybridization among the parental species. For example, the Key lime, a hybrid between a papeda, the micrantha and a citron, has in turn given rise to many commercial types of limes.
The papedas include cultivated plants such as (believed hybrid parentage in parentheses):
and a number of wild and uncultivated species and hybrids, including:
...
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