Panavia Tornado

Tornado IDS/ECR
Tornado GR4 of No. 31 Squadron RAF in 2009 with typical counter-insurgency weapons of Brimstone, Paveway IV and LITENING targeting pod
Role	Multirole aircraft, strike aircraft
Manufacturer	Panavia Aircraft GmbH
First flight	14 August 1974
Introduction	1979
Status	In service
Primary users	Royal Air Force Italian Air Force German Air Force Royal Saudi Air Force
Produced	1979–1998
Number built	992
Variants	Panavia Tornado ADV

The Panavia Tornado is a family of twin-engine, variable-sweep wing multirole combat aircraft, which was jointly developed and manufactured by Italy, the United Kingdom, and West Germany. There are three primary Tornado variants: the Tornado IDS (interdictor/strike) fighter-bomber, the suppression of enemy air defences Tornado ECR (electronic combat/reconnaissance) and the Tornado ADV (air defence variant) interceptor aircraft.

The Tornado was developed and built by Panavia Aircraft GmbH, a tri-national consortium consisting of British Aerospace (previously British Aircraft Corporation), MBB of West Germany, and Aeritalia of Italy. It first flew on 14 August 1974 and was introduced into service in 1979–1980. Due to its multirole design, it was able to replace several different fleets of aircraft in the adopting air forces. The Royal Saudi Air Force (RSAF) became the only export operator of the Tornado in addition to the three original partner nations. A tri-nation training and evaluation unit operating from RAF Cottesmore, the Tri-National Tornado Training Establishment, maintained a level of international co-operation beyond the production stage.

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