PM5544

The Philips PM5544 is a television pattern generator, most commonly used to provide a television station with a complex test card commonly referred to as a Philips Pattern or PTV Circle. The content and layout of the pattern was designed by engineer Finn Hendil (1939-2011) in the Philips TV laboratory in Copenhagen under supervision of chief engineer Erik Helmer Nielsen in 1966-67. The equipment, PM5544, which generates the pattern, was then made by engineer Finn Hendil and his group in 1968-69. Since the introduction of the PM5544 in the early 1970s, the Philips Pattern has become one of the most commonly used test cards, with only the SMPTE bars and the BBC Test Card F coming close to its usage.

The Philips Pattern was later incorporated into other test pattern generators from Philips themselves, as well as test pattern generators from various other manufacturers.

The BBC occasionally uses a modified version, Test Card G, which it first used in 1971, and although it was also used for a period of time by the IBA it eventually abandoned the Test Card G and developed its own test card called the ETP-1 which was brought into use on ITV from 1979 onwards. Many broadcasters using a 625 line PAL system use some form of the Philips Pattern.

Since the Philips Pattern is geared towards the PAL colour-coding system, this test pattern is uncommon among NTSC broadcasters, though some, such as CBFT-TV and CBMT-TV in Canada, WBOY-TV and WNYW in the United States, DZBB-TV in the Philippines, Myawaddy TV in Myanmar, MBC in South Korea, and TTV Main Channel, CTV Main Channel and CTS Main Channel in Taiwan have used a 525-line version of it in the past. The Japanese national broadcaster NHK also did use a 525-line version of the said test card, albeit with slight technical differences in specifications as compared to those used by the American and Canadian broadcasters.

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