Oswald Phipps, 4th Marquess of Normanby

Oswald Constantine John Phipps, 4th Marquess of Normanby KG CBE (29 July 1912 – 30 January 1994) was a British peer and philanthropist for blind people.

Styled Earl of Mulgrave from birth, he was the eldest son of Constantine Phipps, 3rd Marquess of Normanby and was educated at Lambrook preparatory school,Eton College and Christ Church, Oxford. He inherited his father's titles in 1932 and joined the Green Howards as a Lieutenant in 1939. In 1940, Lord Normanby was captured at the Battle of Dunkirk and was a prisoner of war at Obermassfeldt in Thuringia until 1943.

During his captivity, he persuaded his captors to allow him to teach braille to the blind prisoners, despite not knowing it himself. They constructed their alphabets with glass-headed pins and cardboard. He progressed from this to teach lessons in wider subjects. In recognition of his successful independent efforts, the head of St Dunstan's charity for blinded service personnel, Lord Fraser of Lonsdale, appointed him an honorary member of the charity's teaching staff. Later, when he was repatriated along with his blind students, he joined St Dunstan's council. He was also awarded a military MBE in recognition of his work in leading the POWs.

On his release, Lord Normanby was appointed an MBE and was Parliamentary Private Secretary to the Secretary of State for Dominion Affairs, Viscount Cranborne, from 1944–45. He briefly served in the same post for the Lord President of the Council, Lord Woolton, in 1945. That year, Lord Normanby was also appointed a Lord-in-Waiting, but the appointment was brief due to his crossing the floor, becoming the only Labour marquess (he later left the Labour Party also and became a crossbencher).

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