Order of Virtuti Militari
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Virtuti Militari War Order of Virtuti Militari Order Wojenny Virtuti Militari |
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|---|---|
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| Awarded by the President of Poland | |
| Country |
 Poland
|
| Type | Order |
| Eligibility | Military personnel/ Military units |
| Awarded for | Virtue at War |
| Status | In the award system but a wartime decoration only |
| Motto |
HONOR I OJCZYZNA (Honor and Fatherland) |
| Statistics | |
| Established | June 22, 1792 |
| First awarded | 1792 |
| Last awarded | 1989 |
| Precedence | |
| Next (higher) | Order of the White Eagle |
| Equivalent | United States Medal of Honor British Commonwealth Victoria Cross |
| Next (lower) | Order of Polonia Restituta |
The War Order of Virtuti Militari (Latin: "For Military Virtue", Polish: Order Wojenny Virtuti Militari) is Poland's highest military decoration for heroism and courage in the face of the enemy at war. It was created in 1792 by Polish King Stanisław II August and is one of the oldest military decorations in the world still in use.
It is awarded in five classes either for personal heroism or, to commanders, for leadership. Some of the heroic actions recognized by an award of the Virtuti Militari are equivalent to those meriting the British Victoria Cross or the American Medal of Honor.
Soon after its introduction, however, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was destroyed in the partitions of Poland (1795), and the partitioning powers abolished the decoration and prohibited its wearing. Since then, the award has been reintroduced, renamed and banned several times, with its fate closely reflecting the vicissitudes of the Polish people. Throughout the decoration's existence, thousands of soldiers and officers, Polish and foreign, several cities and one ship have been awarded the Virtuti Militari for valor or outstanding leadership in war. There have been no new awards since 1989.
• Lt.Gen. Józef Poniatowski, Tadeusz Kościuszko
• Maj.Gen. Michał Wielhorski, Stanisław Mokronowski, Józef Zajączek
• Brig. Eustachy Sanguszko
• Col. Józef Poniatowski, Michał Chomętowski
• Lt.Col. Ludwik Kamieniecki
• Maj. Mikołaj Bronikowski, Józef Szczutowski
Lt. Michał Cichocki, Ludwik Metzel
...
Wikipedia