Ondine (play)

Ondine
Jan Żardecki and Joanna Jedlewska in Ondine, Warsaw, 1965
Written by	Jean Giraudoux
Characters	Auguste, Eugenie, Ondine, Ritter Hans, The Old One, Lord Chamberlain, The Superintendent of the Theatre, The Trainer of the Seals, Violante, Angelique, Bertha, Bertram, The King, A Servant, First Fisherman, First Judge, Second Judge, The Kitchen Maid
Date premiered	1939
Place premiered	Théâtre de l'Athénée in Paris
Original language	French
Subject	Ondine, a water-sprite, falls in love with and marries a mortal, the knight-errant Ritter Hans
Genre	Drama
Setting	Middle Ages; Germany

Ondine is a play written in 1938 by French dramatist Jean Giraudoux, based on the 1811 novella Undine by the German Romantic Friedrich de la Motte Fouqué that tells the story of Hans and Ondine. Hans is a knight-errant who has been sent off on a quest by his betrothed. In the forest he meets and falls in love with Ondine, a water-sprite who is attracted to the world of mortal man. The subsequent marriage of people from different worlds is, of course, folly. By turns comic, enchanting, and tragic, Ondine is considered by some to be Giraudoux's finest work.

The play opens in a fisherman's hut near a lake in the forest. Outside a storm rages. Here live the old fisherman Auguste and his wife Eugenie. And here lives Ondine whom the old couple found as a baby at the edge of the lake, and brought up in place of their own daughter who was mysteriously snatched away as an infant. Auguste is upset because Ondine is out somewhere in the storm. As Auguste rages, naiads, the wind, and even the Old One himself peer in at the windows gently mocking Auguste. Evidently this is not unusual—the old couple are well aware that Ondine is “not like anyone else”. A knight-errant, Hans von Wittenstein zu Wittenstein, arrives seeking shelter. He is welcomed and while he is in the midst of telling Auguste and Eugenie about his betrothed, the princess Bertha, Ondine appears. On seeing Hans she says, “How beautiful he is!” In spite of taunts from Ondine's sister naiads, and against the advice of Auguste, Hans immediately falls in love with Ondine. All thought of Bertha, his “dark angel”—the woman who sent him off on his quest—is banished. Ondine in turn swears eternal love for Hans. Her uncle, the King of the Sea, warns her, “The man will deceive you. He will abandon you.” Ondine does not believe him. The Old One gives a final warning “You will remember our pact.” Ondine reluctantly agrees.

Act two opens in the great hall of the king's palace. It is the day that Hans is to present his bride Ondine at court. The Lord Chamberlain, who needs to arrange an entertainment for the day's ceremonies, is in conference with the director of the royal theater, the trainer of the seals, and the Illusionist (in actuality the Old One). Soon they are joined by the poet Bertram and several ladies of the court. The Illusionist says he will arrange a little private entertainment while they are waiting. As to what they would like to see, everyone is curious to see what will happen when Hans and the embittered Bertha finally meet after avoiding each other for three months. The Illusionist says he can arrange for this event to take place at once. Bertram objects asking, “Why are we doing this evil thing?” The Chamberlain cynically replies, “Sooner or later it would have to happen. That's life.” They all conceal themselves behind a pillar and watch as the inevitable events unfold. Hans and Bertha meet. Bertha manipulates Hans with guilt. The Illusionist gives the spectators a further glimpse into the future showing them the scene when Hans realizes that he married the wrong woman. Bertha intimately knows the Wittenstein family history, she plays the lute, she recites, she illuminates manuscripts—she is the perfect woman. When Bertha asks Hans what Ondine does that might advance her husband's interests at court, he replies, “Oh, she swims. Occasionally.”