Olmütz

Olomouc
City
Horní náměstí — the largest square in Olomouc (on right, the Holy Trinity Column; to the left, Olomouc City Hall with astronomical clock)
Flag Coat of arms
Country	Czech Republic
Region	Olomouc
District	Olomouc
River	Morava
Elevation	219 m (719 ft)
Coordinates	49°36′N 17°15′E / 49.600°N 17.250°E / 49.600; 17.250Coordinates: 49°36′N 17°15′E / 49.600°N 17.250°E / 49.600; 17.250
Area	103.36 km2 (39.91 sq mi)
Population	100 154
Founded	10th century
- First mentioned	1017
Mayor	Antonín Staněk (ČSSD)
Postal code	779 00
UNESCO World Heritage Site
Name	Holy Trinity Column in Olomouc
Year	2000 (#24)
Number	859
Region	Europe and North America
Criteria	i, iv
Location in the Czech Republic
Statistics: statnisprava.cz
Website: http://www.olomoucko.cz/

Olomouc (Czech: [ˈolomou̯t͡s]; locally Holomóc or Olomóc; German: Olmütz; Latin: Olomucium or Iuliomontium; Polish: Ołomuniec [ɔwɔˈmuɲɛt͡s]) is a city in Moravia, in the east of the Czech Republic. Located on the Morava River, the city is the ecclesiastical metropolis and historical capital city of Moravia. Today it is an administrative centre of the Olomouc Region and sixth largest city in the Czech Republic. The city has about 100,154 residents, and its larger urban zone has a population of about 480,000 people.

Olomouc is said to occupy the site of a Roman fort founded in the imperial period, the original name of which, Iuliomontium (Mount Julius), would be gradually corrupted to the present form. Although this account is not documented except as oral history, archaeological excavations close to the city have revealed the remains of a Roman military camp dating from the time of the Marcomannic Wars of the late 2nd century.

During the 6th century, Slavs migrated into the area. As early as the 7th century, a centre of political power developed in the present-day quarter of Povel (in lowland, south of the city centre). Around 810 the local Slavonic ruler was defeated by troops of Great Moravian rulers and the settlement in Olomouc-Povel was destroyed.