Oiso, Kanagawa
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Ōiso 大磯町 |
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Ōiso Town Hall
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 Location of Ōiso in Kanagawa Prefecture |
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 Ōiso
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| Coordinates: 35°18′31″N 139°18′46″E / 35.30861°N 139.31278°ECoordinates: 35°18′31″N 139°18′46″E / 35.30861°N 139.31278°E | |||
| Country | Japan | ||
| Region | Kantō | ||
| Prefecture | Kanagawa Prefecture | ||
| District | Naka | ||
| Area | |||
| • Total | 17.18 km2 (6.63 sq mi) | ||
| Population (June 1, 2012) | |||
| • Total | 32,786 | ||
| • Density | 1,910/km2 (4,900/sq mi) | ||
| Time zone | Japan Standard Time (UTC+9) | ||
| City symbols | |||
| - Tree | Japanese black pine & Camellia sasanqua | ||
| - Flower | Calystegia soldanella | ||
| - Bird | Common gull | ||
| Phone number | 0463-61-4100 | ||
| Address | 183 Ōiso, Ōiso-machi, Naka-gun, Kanagawa-ken 255-8555 |
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| Website | Town of Ōiso | ||
Ōiso (大磯町 Ōiso-machi?) is a town located in Naka District, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. As of June 2012, the town had an estimated population of 32,786 and a density of 1,910 people per km2. The total area was 17.18 km2.
Ōiso is located on the coastline of central Kanagawa Prefecture, facing Sagami Bay of the Pacific Ocean. The area is generally hilly, rising to Mount Koma (168 metres) in the northwest of the centre of town. The area has a temperate maritime climate with short, cool winters and hot, humid summers. The coastline of Ōiso is sandy and is regarded as the western end of the Shōnan area. Ōiso remains a popular beach resort and holiday spot for residents of Tokyo.
Ōiso is the ancient centre of Sagami Province. The exact location of the Nara period provincial government of Sagami Province is unknown, but tradition and the place name "Kōzu" place its probable location within the boundaries of present-day Ōiso.
As a minor coastal settlement, Ōiso was under the control of the late Hōjō clan of Odawara during the Sengoku period. In the Edo period, it was nominally part of Odawara Domain, and developed as Ōiso-juku, a post town on the Tōkaidō connecting Edo with Kyoto. After the Meiji Restoration and with the establishment of the district system in 1878, it came under the control of Yurugi District (淘綾郡 Yurugi-gun?). Ōiso became a town on the 1st of April, 1889. Blessed with a temperate climate, and with convenient access to Tokyo due to the Tōkaidō Main Line railway, it was favoured as a seaside health resort by politicians and literary figures during the Meiji period after a glowing report on its location was written by noted physician Matsumoto Jun. Prime Minister Itō Hirobumi, Yamagata Aritomo, Saionji Kinmochi and Ōkuma Shigenobu, Foreign Minister Mutsu Munemitsu, writer Shimazaki Toson and zaibatsu founder Yasuda Zenjirō had summer residences in Ōiso. This popularity continued into the postwar era, and Prime Minister Shigeru Yoshida also had a residence in Ōiso to which he retired after leaving politics. The former Itō, Yoshida and Shimazaki residences have been preserved as memorial museums.
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