Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs
| OIRA | |
| Agency overview | |
|---|---|
| Formed | 1980 |
| Preceding agency |
|
| Jurisdiction | Federal government of the United States |
| Headquarters | Washington, D.C. |
| Parent agency | Office of Management and Budget |
| Website | Official Website |
The Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs (OIRA /oʊˈaɪərə/ oh-EYE-rə) is a United States Government office established in 1980 within the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), an agency in the Executive Office of the President. The OIRA oversees the implementation of government-wide policies and reviews draft regulations.
OIRA reviews requests it receives from federal agencies to collect information from the public. It develops and oversees the implementation of government-wide policies in the areas of information technology, information policy, privacy, and statistical policy. OIRA reviews draft regulations under Executive Orders 12866 and 13563. Executive Order 12866 describes OIRA's role in the rulemaking process. In it, the President directs agencies, to follow certain principles in rulemaking, such as consideration of alternatives and analysis of impacts, both benefits and costs. As the Executive Order directs, OIRA reviews agency draft regulations before publication to ensure agency compliance with this Executive Order.
The Congress passed the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1980 (PL 96-511) and its successor, the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 that established OIRA in the Office of Management and Budget, an agency within the Executive Office of the President. A predecessor office had existed at OMB for many years, and was briefly at the Department of Commerce from 1977 to 1981.
The executive order under which the Office operates—EO 12,866—states OIRA should focus on "economically significant" rules. Of the 500 to 700 rules reviewed by OIRA annually about 100 have been classified as "economically significant". Issuing Presidential regulatory principles and the centralized review of draft regulations, have been part of regulatory development for 30 years in one form or another. It began with President Richard Nixon's "Quality of Life" program, and continued in the 1970s with President Gerald Ford's requirement in Executive Order 11821 and 11949 for agencies to prepare inflation/economic impact statements. It continued with President Jimmy Carter's Executive Order 12044 on "Improving Government Regulations."
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