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Nyasaland Protectorate

Nyasaland Protectorate
Protectorate of the United Kingdom
1907–1964
1953–1963: Federation
Flag of Malawi
Flag Coat of arms
Anthem
"God Save the King/Queen"
Capital Zomba
Languages English (official), Chichewa, Yao, Tumbuka
Religion Christianity, Islam
Government Constitutional monarchy
Monarch
 •  1907–1910 Edward VII
 •  1910–1936 George V
 •  1936 Edward VIII
 •  1936–1952 George VI
 •  1952–1964 Elizabeth II
Governor
 •  1907–1908 Sir William Henry Manning
 •  1923–1929 Sir Charles Calvert Bowring
 •  1948–1953 Geoffrey Francis Taylor Colby
 •  1963–1964 Sir Glyn Smallwood Jones
History
 •  Established 6 July 1907
 •  Federation 1953–1963
 •  Disestablished 6 July 1964
Currency Southern Rhodesian pound (1907–56)
Rhodesia and Nyasaland pound (1956–64)
Preceded by
Succeeded by
British Central Africa Protectorate
Malawi
Today part of  Malawi

Nyasaland, or the Nyasaland Protectorate (/ˈnjɑːsɑːˌlænd/ or /nˈæsəˌlænd/), was a British protectorate located in Africa, which was established in 1907 when the former British Central Africa Protectorate changed its name. Between 1953 and 1963, Nyasaland was part of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland. After the Federation was dissolved, Nyasaland became independent from Britain on 6 July 1964 and was renamed Malawi.

Nyasaland's history was marked by the massive loss of African communal lands in the early colonial period. In January 1915, the Reverend John Chilembwe staged an attempt at rebellion in protest at discrimination against Africans, which prompted some re-assessment of their policies by colonial authorities. A growing educated African elite became increasingly vocal and politically active from the 1930s, first through associations, and after 1944, through the Nyasaland African Congress (NAC).

There was a marked increase in civil agitation when Nyasaland was forced into a Federation with Southern and Northern Rhodesia in 1953. The failure of the NAC to prevent this caused its collapse. It was revived not long afterwards by a younger and more militant generation which, ultimately, invited Hastings Banda to return to the country and lead it to independence.


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Wikipedia

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