Nova Friburgo
| Nova Friburgo | ||
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| Municipality | ||
Center of Nova Friburgo seen from Rio de Janeiro State University
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 Nova Friburgo
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| Coordinates: 22°16′55″S 42°31′52″W / 22.28194°S 42.53111°WCoordinates: 22°16′55″S 42°31′52″W / 22.28194°S 42.53111°W | ||
| Country |
 Brazil
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| Region | Southeast Region | |
| State | Rio de Janeiro | |
| Area | ||
| • Total | 933 km2 (360 sq mi) | |
| Population (2015) | ||
| • Total | 184,786 | |
| • Density | 200/km2 (510/sq mi) | |
| Time zone | BRT/BRST (UTC-3/-2) | |
Nova Friburgo (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈnɔvɐ fɾiˈbuʁɡu], German: Neufreiburg, English: New Fribourg, commonly referred to as just "Friburgo") is a municipality in the state of Rio de Janeiro in southeastern Brazil. It is located in the mountainous region, in the Center Mesoregion of the state, 136 km (85 mi) from its capital Rio de Janeiro. The town is 846 metres (2,776 ft) above sea level. Its population was 184,786 (2015) and its area is 933 km².
The main economic activities are the undergarment industry, olericulture, goat raising, various industries (textile, clothing, metallurgy) and tourism. It’s also the coldest city of the state.
Up to the 19th century, the region of the present Nova Friburgo was inhabited by Coroado Purí Indians. In 1818, King John VI was interested in improving the relationship with Germany, in order to obtain support against the French empire. He then proposed a planned settlement that would promote the civilization in Brazil. A royal decree authorized the Canton of Fribourg, in Switzerland, to establish a colony of 100 Swiss families in the Morro Queimado Farm, in Cantagalo District, a place with climate and natural characteristics similar to those in their country.
Between 1819 and 1820, the region was settled by 265 Swiss families, in total 1,458 immigrants. It was named Nova Friburgo (New Fribourg) by the Swiss after the homeland of most of the families.
Following the Independence of Brazil in 1822, the Imperial Government continued the policy of populating the nation by attracting European colonization. Eighty German families previously assigned to settlements in the Province of Bahia, for unknown reasons ended up in Nova Friburgo, where they arrived on the 3 and 4 May 1824. Similar arrivals of Italians, Portuguese and a minority of Syrians led to such population increases that the once village was elevated to city status on 8 January 1890.
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Wikipedia