Nonanoic acid
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IUPAC name
Nonanoic acid
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Other names
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3D model (Jmol)
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| ChEBI | |
| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.003.574 |
| EC Number | 203-931-2 |
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PubChem CID
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| Properties | |
| C9H18O2 | |
| Molar mass | 158.24 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | Clear to yellowish oily liquid |
| Density | 0.900 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | 12.5 °C (54.5 °F; 285.6 K) |
| Boiling point | 254 °C (489 °F; 527 K) |
| 0.3 g/L | |
| Acidity (pKa) | 4.96 1.055 at 2.06 to 2.63 K (−271.09 to −270.52 °C; −455.96 to −454.94 °F) 1.53 at −191 °C (−311.8 °F; 82.1 K) |
| Hazards | |
| Main hazards | Corrosive (C) |
| R-phrases | R34 |
| S-phrases | (S1/2) S26 S28 S36/37/39 S45 |
| NFPA 704 | |
| Flash point | 114 °C (237 °F; 387 K) |
| 405 °C (761 °F; 678 K) | |
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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| Infobox references | |
Nonanoic acid, also called pelargonic acid, is an organic compound composed of a nine-carbon chain terminating in a carboxylic acid with structural formula CH3(CH2)7COOH. The esters and salts of nonanoic acid are called nonanoates. Nonanoic acid is a clear, oily liquid with an unpleasant, rancid odor. It is nearly insoluble in water, but very soluble in chloroform, ether, and hexane. It is commonly used in conjunction with glyphosate, a non-selective herbicide, for a quick burn-down effect in the control of weeds in turfgrass.
Its refractive index is 1.4322. Its critical point is at 712 K (439 °C) and 2.35 MPa.
Nonanoic acid is a fatty acid which occurs naturally as esters in the oil of pelargonium. Synthetic esters, such as methyl nonanoate, are used as flavorings.
Nonanoic acid is also used in the preparation of plasticizers and lacquers.
The derivative 4-nonanoylmorpholine is an ingredient in some pepper sprays.
The ammonium salt of nonanoic acid, ammonium nonanoate, is an herbicide.
Nonanoic acid may be more potent than valproic acid in treating seizures. Moreover, in contrast to valproic acid, nonanoic acid exhibited no effect on HDAC inhibition, suggesting that it is unlikely to show HDAC inhibition-related teratogenicity.
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