Nicolaus Steno
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Blessed Nicolas Steno |
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| Vicar Apostolic of Nordic Missions | |
Portrait of Steno as bishop
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| See | Titiopolis |
| Appointed | 21 August 1677 by Pope Innocent XI |
| Term ended | 5 December 1686 |
| Predecessor | Valerio Maccioni |
| Successor | Friedrich von Tietzen |
| Other posts | Titular Bishop of Titiopolis |
| Orders | |
| Ordination | 13 April 1675 |
| Consecration | 19 September 1677 by Saint Gregorio Barbarigo |
| Personal details | |
| Birth name | Niels Steensen |
| Born |
1 January 1638 [NS: 11 January 1638] Copenhagen, Denmark-Norway |
| Died | 25 November 1686 (aged 48) [NS: 5 December 1686] Schwerin, Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin |
| Buried | Basilica of San Lorenzo, Italy |
| Nationality | Danish |
| Denomination | Roman Catholic |
| Parents |
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| Previous post |
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| Coat of arms |  |
| Sainthood | |
| Feast day | 5 December |
| Venerated in | 1686 |
| Beatified | 23 October 1988 Rome, Vatican City by Pope John Paul II |
Nicolas Steno (Danish: Niels Steensen; Latinized to Nicolaus Stenonis or Nicolaus Stenonius; 1 January 1638 – 25 November 1686[NS: 11 January 1638 – 5 December 1686]) was a Danish scientist, a pioneer in both anatomy and geology who became a Catholic bishop in his later years. Steno was trained in the classical texts on science; however, by 1659 he seriously questioned accepted knowledge of the natural world. Importantly he questioned explanations for tear production, the idea that fossils grew in the ground and explanations of rock formation. His investigations and his subsequent conclusions on fossils and rock formation have led scholars to consider him one of the founders of modern stratigraphy and modern geology.
Born to a Lutheran family, Steno converted to Catholicism in 1667. After his conversion, his interest for natural sciences rapidly waned giving way to his interest in theology. At the beginning of 1675, he decided to become a priest. Four months after, he was ordained in the Catholic clergy in Easter 1675. As a clergyman, he was later appointed Vicar Apostolic of Nordic Missions and Titular Bishop of Titopolis by Pope Innocent XI. Steno played an active role in the Counter-Reformation in Northern Germany. He was venerated as a saint after his death and the Roman Catholic canonization process was begun in 1938. Pope John Paul II beatified Steno in 1988.
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