Nicaraguan civil war (1926-1927)
| Nicaraguan civil war (1926–1927) | |||||||
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| Belligerents | |||||||
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Nicaraguan government (Conservatives) Supported by:  United States
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Nicaraguan rebels (Liberals) Supported by:  Mexico (sent weapons)
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| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
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Emiliano Chamorro (political; until November 11, 1926) Sebastián Uriza (political; November 11, 1926 to November 14, 1926) Adolfo Díaz (political; from November 14, 1926) |
Dr. Juan B. Sacasa (political) José María Moncada (military) |
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The Nicaraguan civil war of 1926–1927, or the Constitutionalist War, broke out after a coup d'état by Emiliano Chamorro, a member of the Conservative Party, removed Nicaragua's democratically elected government, resulting in a rebellion by members of the Liberal Party. The conflict came to an end after a military and diplomatic intervention by the United States resulted in the Peace of Tipitapa. Although the civil war came to an end, one Liberal general, Augusto César Sandino, refused to lay down his arms and waged the Sandino Rebellion against the Nicaraguan government and the United States Marine Corps until 1933.
Nicaragua had been occupied by one hundred American Marines since the former country's civil war of 1912. The Nicaraguan Presidential election of 1924 brought a coalition government to power, with Conservative Carlos Solórzano being President and Liberal Dr. Juan B. Sacasa being Vice President. The United States now decided it was safe to leave the Central American nation. The Marines were withdrawn after a thirteen-year occupation on August 3, 1925. Shortly after they left, on August 28, 1925, Emiliano Chamorro, former President of Nicaragua and member of the Conservative Party, launched a coup d'état when his "ultra-Conservative partisans" seized Loma Fortress, the military building "dominating Managua" (the Nicaraguan capital), forcing Solórzano and Sacasa to flee the country. He also removed all Liberals from the Nicaraguan Congress. The United States refused to recognize Chamorro's regime, since it had come to power through "unconstitutional means."
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