Nelson Appleton Miles
| Nelson A. Miles | |
|---|---|
Nelson A. Miles
|
|
| Birth name | Nelson Appleton Miles |
| Born |
August 8, 1839 Westminster, Massachusetts |
| Died | May 15, 1925 (aged 85) Washington, D.C. |
| Place of burial | Arlington National Cemetery |
| Allegiance | United States of America |
| Service/branch |
United States Army Union Army |
| Years of service | 1861–1903 |
| Rank |
 Lieutenant General
|
| Commands held |
61st New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment Military Division of the Missouri Commanding General of the United States Army |
| Battles/wars |
American Civil War Indian Wars Spanish–American War |
| Awards | Medal of Honor |
| Other work | Military Governor of Puerto Rico |
| Signature |  |
Nelson Appleton Miles (August 8, 1839 – May 15, 1925) was an American military general who served in the American Civil War, the American Indian Wars, and the Spanish–American War. From 1895 to 1903, he served as the last Commanding General of the United States Army before the office was abolished.
Miles was born in Westminster, Massachusetts, on his family's farm. He worked in Boston, read military history, and mastered military principles and techniques, including battle drills.
Miles was working as a crockery store clerk in Boston when the American Civil War began. He entered the Union Army as a volunteer on September 9, 1861, and fought in many crucial battles. He became a lieutenant in the 22nd Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, and was commissioned a lieutenant colonel of the 61st New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment on May 31, 1862. He was promoted to colonel after the Battle of Antietam.
Other battles he participated in include Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville (during which he was shot in the neck and abdomen), and the Appomattox Campaign. Wounded four times in battle, on March 2, 1867, Miles was brevetted a brigadier general in the regular army in recognition of his actions at Chancellorsville. He was again brevetted, this time to the rank of major general, for his actions at the Battle of Spotsylvania Court House. He received the Medal of Honor on July 23, 1892 for his gallantry at Chancellorsville. He was appointed brigadier general of volunteers as of May 12, 1864, for the Battles of the Wilderness and Spotsylvania Court House. On October 21, 1865, he was appointed major general of volunteers at the age of 26. After the war, he was commandant of Fort Monroe, Virginia, where former Confederate President Jefferson Davis was held prisoner. During his tenure at Fort Monroe, Miles was forced to defend himself against charges that Davis was being mistreated.
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