Nasjonal Samling
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Nasjonal Samling
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|---|---|
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| Leader | Vidkun Quisling |
| Founded | 13 May 1933 |
| Dissolved | 8 May 1945 (banned) |
| Headquarters | Oslo, Norway |
| Newspaper | Fritt Folk |
| Youth wing | Nasjonal Samlings Ungdomsfylking |
| Paramilitary wing | Hirden |
| Ideology |
Fascism National Socialism Norwegian nationalism Norwegian Republicanism |
| Political position | Far-right |
| Religion | Norse paganism |
| Colours | Red and yellow |
| Party flag | |
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Nasjonal Samling (Norwegian pronunciation: [nɑʃuˈnɑːl ˈsɑmlɪŋ], National Unity), abbreviated NS, was a Norwegian fascist party active from 1933 to 1945. It was founded by former minister of defence Vidkun Quisling and a group of supporters such as Johan Bernhard Hjort – who led the party's paramilitary wing (Hirden) for a short time before leaving the party in 1937 after various internal conflicts. The party celebrated its founding on 17 May, Norway's national holiday, but was founded on 13 May 1933.
The party never gained direct political influence, but it made its mark on Norwegian politics nonetheless. Despite the fact that it never managed to get more than 2.5% of the vote and failed to elect even one candidate to the Storting, it became a factor by polarising the political scene. The established parties in Norway viewed it as a Norwegian version of the German Nazis, and generally refused to cooperate with it in any way. Several of its marches and rallies before the war were either banned, or marred by violence when communists and socialists clashed with the Hird.
A significant trait of the party throughout its existence was a relatively high level of internal conflict. Antisemitism, anti-Masonry, and differing views on religion, as well as the party's association with the Nazis and Germany were hotly debated, and factioned the party. By the time the Second World War broke out, the party had been reduced to a political sect with hardly any real activity.
Strong belief in Norse Paganism, Romantic nationalism, authoritarianism, republicanism and corporatism dominated NS ideology. It also relied heavily on Nordic symbolism, using Vikings, pre-Christian religion and runes in its propaganda and speeches. It asserted that its symbol (shown at the head of this article), a golden sun cross on a red background (colours of the coat of arms of Norway), had been the symbol of St. Olaf, painted on his shield.
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